纯棉无纺布低温近中性练漂体系构建及其工艺优化  

Establishment of low-temperature and near-neutral system for bleaching and scouring of cotton non-woven fabrics and its process optimization

作　　者：卢润 肖鑫[1,2,3] 姜会钰 徐操林[4] 李青 LU Run;XIAO Xin;JIANG Huiyu;XU Caolin;LI Qing(College of Textile and Science Engineering,Wuhan Textile University,Wuhan 430200,China;Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomass Fiber and Ecological Dyeing and Finishing,Wuhan Textile University,Wuhan 430200,China;Hubei Jisheng Textile Technology Co.,Ltd.,Yichang 443000,China;Shandong Mingfu Dyeing Co.,Ltd.,Yantai 264000,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉纺织大学纺织与科学工程学院,湖北武汉430200 [2]生物质纤维与生态染整湖北省重点实验室,武汉纺织大学,湖北武汉430200 [3]湖北吉盛纺织科技股份有限公司,湖北宜昌443000 [4]山东明福染业有限公司,山东烟台264000

出　　处：《印染》2024年第1期15-20,共6页China Dyeing and Finishing

基　　金：国家自然科学青年基金(52303062);生物质纤维与生态染整湖北省重点实验室开放课题(STRZ202303);湖北省科技厅重点研发计划(助企纾困及包保联类,2022BAD012)。

摘　　要：纯棉无纺布练漂在高温强碱中进行,能耗高、排污大、纤维损伤严重。针对该问题,试验构建了三种低温近中性练漂体系,通过对比三者练漂无纺布的颜色特征值、亲水性能和机械性能,选出最优体系;采用XRD、FT-IR、SEM分析体系对棉纤维微观结构与形貌的影响;通过中心复合设计(CCD)优化该体系漂白工艺,并寻求影响织物白度(WI)的关键因素。研究表明:四乙酰乙二胺/过氧化氢(TAED/H2O2)体系练漂织物WI最高,亲水性优良,强力损伤最小(<20%);练漂体系对棉纤维晶型结构与官能团无影响,能有效去除纤维表面杂质,保护纤维不受损伤。CCD结果显示,温度对WI影响最显著,其次是H2O2浓度与NaHCO3浓度;在最优条件下,得到的理论最优WI为90.38,比原布WI高39.32%。The conventional bleaching and scouring of cotton nonwoven fabrics is carried out under high-tem⁃perature and strong-alkali conditions,which has the problems of high energy consumption,large discharge and severe fiber damage.To address the problems,three low-temperature and near-neutral bleaching and scouring systems are established.Chromatic values,mechanical properties and hydrophilic property of the treated fabric are tested to select the best bleaching and scouring system.XRD、FT-IR、SEM are used to analy⁃sis the effects of above system on the microstructure and microtopography of the treated cotton fiber.The bleaching process is optimized and the key factor influencing fabric’s whiteness is explored by central compos⁃ite design(CCD).Research results show that the fabric bleached by tetraacetylethylenediamine/hydrogen per⁃oxide(TAED/H2O2)system displays the highest whiteness,excellent hydrophilicity and less strength damage(<20%).The effect of TAED/H2O2 system on the crystal structure and surface functional groups of the bleached fiber is negligible.Meanwhile,the impurities can be effectively removed from the fiber surface without obvious fiber damage after the treatment of TAED/H2O2 system.The CCD results show that the factors affecting WI are in the following order of significance:temperature>H2O2 concentration>NaHCO3 concentration.The best theo⁃retical WI value of 90.38 can be obtained under the optimal conditions,which is 39.32%higher than that of the original fabric.

关 键 词：低温练漂 纯棉无纺布 过氧化氢活化剂 中心复合设计 

分 类 号：TS192.5[轻工技术与工程—纺织化学与染整工程]