大柴旦热泉成因及其富硼锂机制研究进展  

Research Progress on the Genesis of Da Chaidam Hot Springs and the Enrichment Mechanism of B and Li elements

作　　者：莫生鹏 李庆宽 李雯霞[1,2,3] 袁秦 秦占杰[1,2] 都永生 MO Shengpeng;LI Qingkuan;LI Wenxia;YUAN Qin;QIN Zhanjie;DU Yongsheng(CAS Key Laboratory of Comprehensive and Highly Efficient Utilization of Salt Lake Resources,Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xining,810008,China;Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Geology and Environment of Salt Lakes,Xining,810008,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing,100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院青海盐湖研究所,中国科学院盐湖资源综合高效利用重点实验室,青海西宁810008 [2]青海省盐湖地质与环境重点实验室,青海西宁810008 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《盐湖研究》2024年第1期120-127,共8页Journal of Salt Lake Research

基　　金：青海省科技厅自然科学基金青年基金(2020-ZJ-946Q);中国科学院青年创新促进会人才项目(2021431);中国科学院稳定支持基础研究领域青年团队计划(YSBR-039);特别研究助理项目(李庆宽)。

摘　　要：大柴旦热泉成因及其硼锂富集机制研究是系统揭示该区域富硼锂盐湖卤水矿床成矿规律的关键环节,同时对青藏高原同类型富硼锂热泉深部水文过程的精细研究具有重要的参考价值。本文从地热学的视角梳理并评述了大柴旦热泉成因的研究现状,重点探讨了大柴旦热泉的水源补给端元、热源及其储热机制、热泉的硼锂物源及其富集过程。研究结果初步显示,大柴旦热泉水源以大气降水为主,在高山区为冰雪融水,补给高程约为5980 m,热储温度约为194.5℃,循环深度约为7630 m,上升过程中混入了约66%的冷水;岩浆流体的补给或岩浆脱气过程可能为热泉提供了热量;热泉中硼锂的物源可能来自花岗岩源岩的高温水岩淋滤、岩浆流体补给或岩浆脱气输入以及风成沉积物中易溶盐类矿物溶解的共同贡献。大柴旦热泉地热系统及其战略资源元素富集过程的整体研究仍比较薄弱,尤其是不同补给端元贡献的定量研究,硼锂岩石地球化学行为的厘定,深部水岩作用的模拟等仍需要进一步开展详细的研究工作。Studies on the genesis of Da Chaidam hot springs,and its boron and lithium enrichment mechanism is of great significance to reveal the metallogenic regularity of boron-lithium-rich salt lake brine deposits in this area.At the same time,it is benefit to understand the deep hydrological process of similar boron-lithiumrich hot springs in the Qinghai-Xizhang Plateau.This paper reviews the research status of the genesis of Da Chaidam hot springs from the perspective of geothermals,and focuses on the water and heat sources,and heat storage mechanism of Da Chaidam hot springs,as well as the boron-lithium sources and enrichment process.The results show that the water source of Da Chaidam hot springs is mainly meteoric waters.The recharge elevation is about 5980 m,the temperature of geothermal reservoir is about 194.5℃,and the circulation depth is about 7630 m,and about 66%of the cold water is mixed during the upwelling process.Supply of magmatic fluids may provide heat for hot springs.Boron and lithium in hot springs may come from high temperature water-rock leaching of granite rocks,magmatic fluids,and dissolution of soluble salt minerals in aeolian sediments.Researches on the geothermal system and the enrichment process of strategic resource elements in the Da Chaidam hot springs are insufficient.Future research works should focus on quantitative evaluation of elemental contributions from different fluids,determination of the geochemical behavior of boron and lithium,and the simulation of water-rock interaction.

关 键 词：热泉成因 岩浆流体 硼锂物源 地热系统 大柴旦 

分 类 号：P619.2[天文地球—矿床学]