大风扰动对深空探测大天线指向的影响分析  

Analysis of the Influence of Gale Disturbance on the Pointing of Large Antenna for Deep Space Exploration

作　　者：赵军[1] 胡科飞 王际舟[1] 展跃全[1] 黄梦轩 雷浩[1] ZHAO Jun;HU Kefei;WANG Jizhou;ZHAN Yuequan;HUANG Mengxuan;LEI Hao(Xi'an Satellite Control Center,Xi'an 710043,China)

机构地区：[1]西安卫星测控中心,陕西西安710043

出　　处：《无线电工程》2024年第1期136-141,共6页Radio Engineering

基　　金：国家部委基金资助项目。

摘　　要：深空测控通信通常采用提高载波频率、增大抛物面天线口径等措施来增强设备的跟踪性能,但同时带来了天线的半功率波束宽度变窄、动态特性降低和天线抗阵风扰动能力变弱等问题。大风扰动引起的天线变形和指向偏差会导致深空探测的增益损失,增益下降会引起测控跟踪不稳定、数据误码率增加、接收机失锁和遥控无法完成等情况,影响测控任务的正常执行。针对大风扰动对我国某深空站转台式35 m A-E座架双反射面天线执行深空探测任务的影响,通过实测数据统计分析了场区全年风速、风向的变化特点,对跟踪弧段内风速与天线指向角度误差数据进行了对比分析,仿真计算了在不同风速、风向情况下天线指向角度误差及对上下行测控链路增益的影响,结合设备现有技术设施,提出了在执行实时任务中的应对策略,降低了大风扰动对测控任务的影响,提高了设备任务执行能力。Communication of deep space measurement and control usually adopts some measures to enhance the tracking performance of the equipment,such as increasing the carrier frequency and the diameter of the parabolic antenna,but it also brings some problems such as narrowing the half-power beam width of the antenna,reducing dynamic characteristics,and weakening the antenna s ability to resist gust disturbances,etc.The antenna deformation and pointing deviation caused by gale disturbance can lead to gain loss in deep space exploration,while decrease of gain can cause unstable measurement and control tracking,increased bit error rate of data,receiver lost lock,and inability to complete remote control commands,influencing the normal execution of measurement and control tasks.In view of the influence of gale disturbance to carry out deep space exploration mission of 35 m A-E dual-reflector antenna rotating platform in Chinese deep space station,the changing characteristics of annual wind-speed and wind-direction in the area are analyzed statistically by measured data,and the wind-speed and the data of antenna pointing angle error within the tracking segment are compared and analyzed,the antenna pointing angle error and its influence on the gain of the uplink and downlink measurement and control under different wind-speeds and wind-directions are simulated.Based on the existing technical facilities of the equipment,the coping strategies for executing real-time tasks are proposed,thus reducing the influence of gale disturbance on measurement and control tasks,and improved the ability of the task execution of the equipment.

关 键 词：大风扰动 增益损失 指向偏差 应对策略 

分 类 号：V556.6[航空宇航科学与技术—人机与环境工程]