十八世纪前中国园林的欧洲认知探源  

THE EUROPEAN PERCEPTION OF CHINESE GARDENS:GARDEN COMMUNICATION FROM CHINA TO EUROPE BEFORE THE 18TH CENTURY

作　　者：徐一书 唐岳兴[1] 张陆琛 XU Yishu;TANG Yuexing;ZHANG Luchen(School of Architecture,Harbin Institute of Technology,Key Laboratory of Cold Region Urban and Rural Human Settlement Environment Science and Technology,Ministry of Industry and Information Technology,Harbin 150006,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学建筑学院,寒地城人居环境科学与技术工业和信息化部重点实验室,哈尔滨150006

出　　处：《低温建筑技术》2023年第12期14-19,共6页Low Temperature Architecture Technology

基　　金：黑龙江省哲学社会科学研究规划项目(22SHB169);黑龙江省艺术科技规划项目(2023A005);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(HITHSS.202310)

摘　　要：为探究中国园林欧洲传播的早期历程,给中国园林欧洲传播的相关研究提供参考,以欧洲对中国形象认知历程为脉络界定园林认知的历史分期,通过对《马可·波罗游记》、《鄂多立克东游录》等文献的再挖掘梳理欧洲人对中国园林的记述与认知,厘清欧洲对中国园林认知的发展历程,并探究中国园林在欧洲园林发展中的积极作用。研究表明十八世纪前欧洲对中国园林形象的认知经历了要素-特征的认知发展历程:十三至十六世纪欧洲对中国园林的认知大多集中在对要素的关注;十六、十七世纪欧洲对中国园林的认知深入到特征层面。中国园林的传播与西方对中国形象的整体认知具有一致性,在一定程度上成为西方自然观念的载体,推动了欧洲自然观与自然风景园的发展。通过探究十八世纪前中国园林传播的原因与意义,完善中国园林欧洲传播史的现有历史理论不足,为后续相关历史研究提供参考。This research defines the historical phasing of garden cognition in terms of the cognitive course of Eu⁃rope's perception of China's image,and sort out Europeans'accounts and cognition of Chinese gardens through the re-excavation of the literature of the Travels of Marco Polo and the The Travels of Friar Odoric to clarify the course of the development of the cognition of Europe's cognition of Chinese gardens,and explore the positive role of Chi⁃nese gardens in the development of Europe's gardens.The research shows that before the eighteenth century,the Eu⁃rope had a positive role in the development of Chinese gardens,and the European perception of Chinese gardens ex⁃perienced a cognitive development process of elements and characteristics.From the 13th to the 16th century,Euro⁃pean perception of Chinese gardens was mostly focused on the elements,while in the 16th and 17th centuries,Euro⁃pean perception of Chinese gardens went deeper to the level of characteristics.The spread of Chinese gardens is con⁃sistent with the West's overall perception of China's image,and to a certain extent it became the carrier of the West⁃ern conception of nature,promoting the development of the European conception of nature and natural landscape gar⁃dens.By exploring the reasons and significance of the spread of Chinese gardens before the eighteenth century,the existing historical theory of the history of the spread of Chinese gardens in Europe is perfected,providing the refer⁃ence for the subsequent relevant historical research.

关 键 词：中国园林 欧洲园林 文化传播 自然风景园 

分 类 号：TU986.5[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]