2019—2021年重庆市主城九区生活饮用水中总α、β放射性水平监测与分析  

Monitoring and risk assessment of totalαandβradioactivity levels in drinking water in the nine districts of metropolitan Chongqing in 2019-2021

作　　者：李文锐 李奎 LI Wenrui;LI Kui(Zhongxian Center for Disease Control and Prevention,chongqing 404300,china;Chongqing Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Chongqing 400042,China)

机构地区：[1]忠县疾病预防控制中心,重庆404300 [2]重庆市疾病预防控制中心,重庆400042

出　　处：《公共卫生与预防医学》2024年第1期61-65,共5页Journal of Public Health and Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解2019—2021年重庆市主城九区生活饮用水中总α、总β的放射性水平,为重庆市主城地区饮用水风险监测提供参考依据。方法采用GB/T 5750.13-2006《生活饮用水标准检验方法放射性指标》中标准曲线法和薄样法分别测定水样中的总α和总β水平,根据GB 5749-2006《生活饮用水卫生标准》和WHO《饮用水水质准则》第四版对监测结果进行评价。结果2019—2021年重庆主城九区所测水样总α活度浓度范围分别为0.002~0.039 Bq/L,总β活度浓度范围分别为0.015~0.190 Bq/L,不同水系间总α、β活度浓度差异无统计学意义(ta=0.545,Pα=0.591>0.05;tβ=-1.438,Pβ=0.163>0.05);2019—2021年总α放射性活度均值呈逐年下降趋势,而总β放射性活度均值呈逐年上升趋势;通过饮用水所致辐射的年均有效剂量估算值为0.005~0.010mSv。结论2019—2021年重庆主城九区生活饮用水中总α、总β放射性活度均低于国标GB 5749-2006中推荐限值(总α和总β活度推荐限值,分别为0.5 Bq/L和1.0Bq/L),通过饮用水所致的辐射暴露的年有效剂量也低于WHO的参考水平(年有效剂量限值:0.1 mSv/a),其放射性水平不会对居民健康产生影响。Objective To investigate the radioactivity levels of grossαand grossβin drinking water in the nine districts of Chongqing City from 2019 to 2021,and to provide reference for drinking water risk monitoring in Chongqing.Methods The grossαand grossβlevels in the water samples were determined by the standard curve method and the thin sample method in GB/T5750.13-2006"Standard test method for Drinking Water Radioactivity Index",and the monitoring results were evaluated according to GB 5749-2006"Sanitary Standard for Drinking Water"and the fourth edition of WHO"Guidelines for Drinking Water Quality".Results from 2019 to 2021,the grossαradioactivity concentration and grossβradioactivity concentration in the nine districts of Chongqing were 0.002~0.039 Bq/L and 0.015~0.190 Bq/L respectively.The grossαandβradioactivity between different drainage concentration has no statistically significant difference(tα=0.545 spans,Pα=0.591>0.05;tβ=-1.438,Pβ=0.163>0.05);The mean value of grossαradioactivity decreased from 2019 to 2021,while the mean value of grossβradioactivity increased.The estimated annual effective dose of radiation from drinking water is 0.005 to 0.010 mSv.Conclusion From 2019 to 2021,the grossαand grossβradioactivity in drinking water in the nine districts of Chongqing are lower than the recommended limit of the national standard GB 5749-2006(the recommended limit of grossαand grossβare 0.5 Bq/L and 1.0 Bq/L,respectively).The annual effective dose of radiation exposure through drinking water is also below the WHO reference level(annual effective dose limit:0.1 mSv/a).The level of radioactivity has no impact on the health of residents.

关 键 词：生活饮用水 总α和总β 放射性水平 监测 

分 类 号：R123.5[医药卫生—环境卫生学]