陕西省某煤矿企业噪声职业健康风险评估  

Occupational health risk assessment of noise in a coal mining enterprise in Shaanxi Province

作　　者：常波峰 黄伟 刘宽 王佳 吴海英 邹元杰 黄雪赞 陈前炜 陈卫红[3] 王冬明 CHANG Bofeng;HUANG Wei;LIU Kuan;WANG Jia;WU Haiying;ZOU Yuanjie;HUANG Xuezan;CHEN Qianwei;CHEN Weihong;WANG Dongming(Shenmu Hongliulin Mine Co.,Ltd.,Shaanxi Coal and Chemical Industry Group,Yulin,Shaanxi 719000,China;Key Laboratory of Industrial Dust Control and Occupational Safety and Health,Ministry of Education,Anhui University of Science and Technology,Huainan,Anhui 232000,China;School of Public Health,Tongji Medical College,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan,Hubei 430030,China)

机构地区：[1]陕煤集团神木红柳林矿业有限公司,陕西榆林719000 [2]安徽理工大学工业粉尘防控与职业安全健康教育部重点实验室,安徽淮南232000 [3]华中科技大学同济医学院公共卫生学院劳动卫生与环境卫生学系,湖北武汉430030

出　　处：《公共卫生与预防医学》2024年第1期70-73,共4页Journal of Public Health and Preventive Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(81903291)。

摘　　要：目的评估某煤矿企业噪声危害水平,识别高危作业工种及人群,为噪声危害的防制提供依据。方法选取某大型煤矿企业为研究对象,利用历年该煤矿的噪声监测资料,计算该煤矿企业各岗位的噪声暴露矩阵,并运用工作场所职业病危害作业分级标准(GBZ/T 229.4-2012)评估工人的噪声危害风险等级。结果该煤矿企业不同工作场所的22个岗位中,采煤机司机、马蹄儿司机、破碎机司机、梭车司机、弛张筛司机和分级筛司机等岗位历年噪声的8 h等效A声级均高于噪声职业接触限值。2021年采煤机司机、破碎机司机以及选煤工岗位的噪声水平均高于90dB(A),职业病危害作业等级为中度危害作业水平,其他多数工作岗位的噪声水平也均超过噪声职业接触限值。结论煤矿行业噪声危害重点集中在采煤系统、掘进系统及筛分车间等系统的多个岗位,其中采煤机司机、破碎机司机以及选煤工的接噪水平较高,建议采取相应的除噪降噪措施,并加强工人的防护水平,以降低工人噪声暴露风险。Objective To evaluate the noise hazard level of a coal mining enterprise,and identify high-risk operation types and people,and to provide a basis for preventing and controlling the health damage caused by noise.Methods A large coal mining enterprise in Shaanxi Province was selected as the research object.The noise monitoring data of the coal mine over the years was used to calculate the noise exposure matrix of each post in the enterprise,and the classification of occupational hazards at workplaces(GBZ/T 229.4-2012)was used to assess the occupational health risk levels.Results Among the 22 noise-exposed positions in the enterprise,the 8-hour working day equivalent sound level in positions of shearer driver,horseshoe driver,crusher driver,shuttle driver,relaxation screen driver,and grading screen driver were all higher than the occupational exposure limit of noise.In 2021,the noise exposure levels of shearer drivers,crusher drivers,and coal-selecting workers were all higher than 90 dB(A),and the occupational hazard level was moderate hazard level.In addition,the noise exposure levels of most other jobs also exceeded the occupational exposure limit.Conclusion The noise hazards in the coal mine industry are mainly concentrated in the posts of the coal mining system,tunneling system,and screening workshop.Among them,the shearer driver,the crusher driver,and the coal preparation workers have higher noise exposure levels.It is recommended to take corresponding noise reduction measures and strengthen the protection level to reduce the noise exposure risk of workers.

关 键 词：煤矿企业 噪声暴露 风险评估 

分 类 号：R135[医药卫生—劳动卫生]