2018—2020年上海市闵行区腹泻病监测结果分析  

Surveillance results of diarrhea in Minhang District of Shanghai City in 2018-2020

作　　者：方辉 张悦 张兆文 陈龙 徐智寅[2] 张烜昭 FANG Hui;ZHANG Yue;ZHANG Zhaowen;CHEN Long;XU Zhiyin;ZHANG Xuanzhao(Prevention and Health Care Department of Xinzhuang Community Health Service Center in Minhang District,Shanghai 201199,China;Ming Hang District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shanghai 201101,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市闵行区莘庄社区卫生服务中心预防保健科,上海201199 [2]上海市闵行区疾病预防控制中心传染病防制科,上海201101

出　　处：《公共卫生与预防医学》2024年第1期79-82,共4页Journal of Public Health and Preventive Medicine

基　　金：闵行区公共卫生重点学科项目(MGWXK02)。

摘　　要：目的分析上海市闵行区腹泻病的流行病学和病原学特征,为制定腹泻病的防控策略提供科学依据。方法对上海市闵行区2018—2020年腹泻病综合监测医院的腹泻病例进行流行病学调查,根据监测医院肠道门诊量在符合监测病例要求的病例队列中,按照固定间隔比例采用系统抽样法采集病例粪便标本进行病原学检测,分析其病原构成及流行病学特征。结果721例标本中检出阳性标本307例,阳性率42.58%;检出细菌最多的为副溶血性弧菌39份,检出病毒最多的为诺如病毒GII型75份,两者各占细菌和病毒阳性总数的36.11%和41.44%。各年龄组均有检出阳性病例,31-40岁共检出阳性81例(26.38%),检出率最高;阳性检出率性别间差异无统计学意义(X^(2)=1.95,P=0.16)。检出阳性病例呈现出冬季和春季两个高峰,其中细菌三季度最高,病毒一季度最高,细菌和病毒的混合感染最多时间为二季度。结论上海市闵行区2018—2020年腹泻病由多种病原引起,且具有明显季节流行特征,在不同病原体流行前应开展针对性防控措施,减少腹泻病发生。Objective To investigate the epidemic features and pathogen spectrum distribution of diarrhea cases in Minhang District of Shanghai City so as to provide scientific evidence for developing prevention and control measures.Methods Surveillance on diarrhea was conducted in sentinel hospitals in Minghang District from 2018 to 2020.According to the quantity of outpatients in the monitoring hospital,the stool samples were collected by systematic sampling method according to the fixed interval proportion in the case queue which met the requirements of the monitored cases,and the pathogenic composition and epidemiological characteristics were analyzed.Results Among the 721 samples detected,307(42.58%)were pathogen positive,The main positive bacteria was Vibrio parahaemolyticus,which accounted for 36.11%(39/108)among all positive bacteria.The main positive virus was norovirus GII,which accounted for 24.43%(75/307)among all positive virus.Positive cases were detected among all age groups.81 positive cases(26.38%)were detected among 31-40 years old,with the highest detection rate.There was no difference in the positive detection rate between genders(X^(2)=1.95,P=0.16).The positive cases showed two peaks during the season of winter and spring.The positive rate of bacteria was highest in the third quarter and positive rate of viruses was highest in the first quarter.The mixed infection rate of bacteria and viruses was highest in the second quarter.Conclusions Diarrhea cases in Minhang District of Shanghai from 2018 to 2020 is caused by a variety of pathogens and related seasonality is obvious in Minghang District,Shanghai City in 2018-2020.It is necessary to take specific prevention based on various pathogens to reduce the incidence of diarrhea.

关 键 词：腹泻病 病原谱 监测 

分 类 号：R181[医药卫生—流行病学]