塔里木河中、下游胡杨林种内竞争对比研究  

Comparative Study on Intraspecific Competition of Populus euphratica Riparian Forests in the Middle and Lower Tarim River

作　　者：刘建莹 玉米提·哈力克[1] 何熙祥 木扎帕尔·米吉提 LIU Jianying;YUMITI Halike;HE Xixiang;MUZHAPAER Mijiti(Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology,Ministry of Education,School of Ecology and Environment,Xinjiang University,Urumqi Xinjiang 830017,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆大学生态与环境学院绿洲生态教育部重点实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830017

出　　处：《新疆大学学报（自然科学版）（中英文）》2024年第1期93-100,共8页Journal of Xinjiang University(Natural Science Edition in Chinese and English)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金“多重胁迫下胡杨林衰退及个体死亡驱动机制研究”(32260285),“林窗干扰对胡杨荒漠河岸林更新与演替的影响”(31860134);科学技术部新疆第三次综合科学考察项目“塔里木河流域断流区及罗布泊地区生态退化状况调查”(2022xjkk0301).

摘　　要：为探究塔里木河中、下游胡杨(Populus euphratica Oliv.)种内竞争差异及其对水分梯度的响应规律,以塔里木河下游阿拉干断面以及中游国家自然保护区胡杨种群为研究对象,在每个区域分别选取3条样带,每条样带依照水分梯度布设3个样方,共18个样方,利用Hegyi单木竞争模型探究塔里木河中、下游水分梯度下胡杨林种内竞争变化特征.结果表明:1)塔里木河中游胡杨最适竞争范围为8 m,下游最适竞争范围为10 m;2)胡杨竞争指数与胸径服从幂函数关系(P<0.001),胡杨竞争指数随对象木胸径的增加而逐渐减小,当胡杨胸径在塔里木河下游达20 cm以上、中游达30cm以上时,胡杨竞争指数逐渐稳定;3)随水分梯度的降低胡杨种群竞争指数呈下降趋势,且塔里木河中游的胡杨竞争压力高于下游的胡杨.立地水文条件是控制塔里木河流域胡杨竞争强度的决定性因子;在胡杨林分管理中,应充分考虑胡杨种内竞争与水分梯度之间的关系.In order to investigate the intra-species competition difference of Populus euphratica and its response to water gradient in the middle and lower reaches of the Tarim River,three transect zones of P.euphratica population in the Aragan Section of the lower reaches of the Tarim River and the national nature reserve in the middle reaches of the Tarim River were selected as the research objects.Each transect zone was arranged with three quadrates according to the water gradient,with a total of eighteen quadrates.Hegyi single tree competition model was used to study the variation of intraspecific competition of P.euphratica forest under water gradient in the middle and lower reaches of the Tarim River.The results showed as follows:1)The optimal competition range of P.euphratica in the middle reaches of the Tarim River was 8 m and that in the lower reaches was 10 m.2)There was a power function relationship between the competition index and DBH of P.euphratica(P<0.001),and the competition index of P.euphratica decreased with the increase of DBH of wood.When DBH of P.euphratica reached more than 20 cm in the lower reaches of the Tarim River and more than 30 cm in the middle reaches,the competition index of P.euphratica gradually stabilized.3)The competition index of P.euphratica decreased with the decrease of water gradient,and the competitive pressure of P.euphratica in the middle reaches of the Tarim River was higher than that in the lower reaches.Site hydrological condition is the decisive factor controlling the competition intensity of P.euphratica in the Tarim River Basin.The relationship between intraspecific competition and water gradient should be fully considered in the management of P.euphratica forest.

关 键 词：胡杨 水分梯度 竞争指标 点格局分析 塔里木河 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]