两种保水剂对高寒区燕麦生长发育和产量的影响  

Effects of two types of water-retaining agents on the growth and yield of Avena sativa L.in alpine

作　　者：马小龙 马祥[1] 琚泽亮 刘勇[1] 崔文静 贾志锋[1] MA Xiaolong;MA Xiang;JU Zeliang;LIU Yong;CUI Wenjing;JIA Zhifeng(Academy of Animal and Veterinary Sciences,Qinghai University,Key Laboratory of Superior Forage Germplasm in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau,Laboratory for Research and Utilization of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Germplasm Resources,Xining 810016,China)

机构地区：[1]青海大学畜牧兽医科学院,青海省青藏高原优良牧草种质资源利用重点实验室,青海西宁810016

出　　处：《青海大学学报》2024年第1期32-40,共9页Journal of Qinghai University

基　　金：青海省科学技术厅项目(2022-NK-130);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金资助项目(CARS-07)。

摘　　要：为探索不同保水剂对高寒区旱作燕麦生长发育和产量的影响,对两种类型的保水剂K(颗粒型保水剂)和F(粉末型保水剂)设置4个施用量:1(11.25 kg/hm^(2))、2(22.5 kg/hm^(2))、3(33.75 kg/hm^(2))、4(45 kg/hm^(2)),以不施保水剂CK为对照,研究不同类型保水剂在不同施用量下对燕麦生长发育、产量及经济效益的影响。结果表明:随着颗粒型保水剂施用量的增加,燕麦种子产量和秸秆产量呈先增加后降低的趋势,其中K2处理最好,与CK相比,燕麦种子产量和秸秆产量分别提高32.6%和6.27%,经济效益提高31.4%;随着粉末型保水剂施用量的增加,燕麦种子产量和秸秆产量均呈增加趋势,其中F4处理最好,与CK相比,种子产量和秸秆产量分别提高34.7%和6.69%,经济效益提高27.4%。相关性和通径分析表明,燕麦种子产量与单株小穗数、单株穗粒数和单株穗粒重均呈极显著正相关(P<0.01)。综上,处理K2(22.5 kg/hm^(2))与F4(45 kg/hm^(2))均可提高高寒区燕麦产量,K2处理经济效益最高。To explore the effects of different types of water-retaining agents on the growth and yield of Avena sativa L.in alpine region,K(granular water-retaining agent)and F(powder water-retaining agent)are applied at four dosages,including 1(11.25 kg/hm^(2)),2(22.5 kg/hm^(2)),3(33.75 kg/hm^(2))and 4(45 kg/hm^(2)).The effects of different types of water-retaining agents on the growth,yield and economic benefits of Avena sativa L.are investigated under different dosages taking CK as control.The results show that with the increase of granular water-retaining agent,the yields of Avena sativa L.seed and straw show a trend of first increasing and then decreasing.Compared with CK,the seed and straw yields of K2 treatment increase by 32.6% and 6.27% respectively,and the economic benefits increase by 31.4%.With the increase of powder water-retaining agent,the yield of Avena sativa L.seed and straw both show an increasing trend.Compared with CK,the seed and straw yields of F4 treatment increase by 34.7% and 6.69% respectively,and the economic benefits increase by 27.4%.Correlation and path analysis show that the yield of Avena sativa L.seed is significantly positively correlated with the number of spikelets per plant,the number of grains per plant and the weight of grains per plant(P<0.01).In summary,both K2(22.5 kg/hm^(2))and F4(45 kg/hm^(2))treatments can increase the yield of Avena sativa L.in alpine region,with K2 treatment having the best economic benefits.

关 键 词：燕麦 保水剂 高寒区 种子产量 秸秆产量 

分 类 号：S512.6[农业科学—作物学]