基于ANSYS的数控机床进给系统热力学仿真与分析  

Thermodynamic simulation and analysis of ball screw feed system for CNC machine tools based on ANSYS

作　　者：张涛 李积元 王寿元 ZHANG Tao;LI Jiyuan;WANG Shouyuan(School of Mechanical Engineering,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China)

机构地区：[1]青海大学机械工程学院,青海西宁810016

出　　处：《青海大学学报》2024年第1期78-86,共9页Journal of Qinghai University

基　　金：青海省科学技术厅项目(2020-ZJ-740)。

摘　　要：滚珠丝杠是数控机床进给系统的主要传动方式,在工作过程中其热变形是影响加工精度的重要因素。为提高ANSYS计算精度,本文研究分析了滚珠丝杠进给系统的热源、边界条件和热变形机理,基于Hypermesh对初始网格进行优化,建立进给系统的热-力耦合模型。通过改变进给速度、轴向载荷和环境温度等加工参数,分析各工况下的温度变化和热变形。结果表明:热变形与进给速度成正比,热平衡时间与进给速度成反比,轴向载荷对热变形的影响大于进给速度。选用合适的进给速度改进滚珠丝杠的加工方式,能有效降低其温度变化及热变形,对提高数控机床的加工精度和延长使用寿命具有一定的现实意义。Ball screw is the main transmission mode of feed system of CNC machine tools,and its thermal deformation during the working process is an important factor affecting the machining accuracy.The heat source,boundary conditions and thermal deformation mechanism of ball screw feed system are analyzed to improve the calculation accuracy of ANSYS.The initial mesh is optimized based on Hypermesh to establish a thermal-force coupling model for the system.The temperature variations and thermal deformation under each working condition are analyzed by changing the processing parameters such as feed speed,axial load and ambient temperature.The results show that thermal deformation is proportional to the feed rate,and thermal equilibrium time is inversely proportional to the feed rate.The effects of axial load on thermal deformation are greater than that of feed rate.Choosing an appropriate feed rate to improve machining methods for ball screw can effectively reduce temperature variations and thermal deformation,which is of certain significance for improving machining accuracy and extending the service life of CNC machine tools.

关 键 词：滚珠丝杠进给系统 HYPERMESH ANSYS 热-力耦合 热变形 

分 类 号：TG659[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]