层析+折射约束迭代反演近地表建模方法及应用探索  

Exploration and application of near-surface modeling method by tomography and refraction constrained iterative inversion

作　　者：崔永福[1,2] 吕景峰 裴广平 魏疆宁[4] 王国纬 李艳君 苏子玉 CUI Yongfu;LYU Jingfeng;PEI Guangping;WEI Jiangning;WANG Guowei;LI Yanjun;SU Ziyu(Tarim Oilfield Company,PetroChina,Xinjiang Korla 841000,China;Exploration and Development Technology Research Center of Ultra-deep Complex Hydrocarbon Reservoirs,PetroChina,Xinjiang Korla 841000,China;Tarim Branch,BGP,CNCP,Xinjiang Korla 841000,China;School of Geosciences,Hebei GEO University,Shijiazhuang 072751,China;School of Earth Science and Technology,Southwest Petroleum University,Chengdu 610599,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油塔里木油田分公司,新疆库尔勒841000 [2]中国石油超深层复杂油气藏勘探开发技术研究中心,新疆库尔勒841000 [3]东方地球物理公司塔里木物探处,新疆库尔勒841000 [4]河北地质大学地球科学学院,石家庄050000 [5]西南石油大学地球科学与技术学院,成都610599

出　　处：《非常规油气》2024年第1期1-11,共11页Unconventional Oil & Gas

基　　金：中国石油科技重大专项“深层复杂高陡构造成像关键技术”(ZD2019-183-003)。

摘　　要：塔西南山前带是塔里木盆地重要的勘探接替领域之一,其地表为巨厚黄土覆盖,黄土厚度可达500 m以上,速度在纵、横向上变化快,表层结构复杂。为改善地震成像效果,针对复杂地表区表层模型精度难以满足需求的问题,开展了拟合时深曲线量板、层析反演及折射反演等方面研究工作。结果表明:多种表层建模方法综合运用是提高近地表模型精度的有效途径;黄土曲线量板可反映连续介质区近地表速度变化规律;层析+折射约束迭代反演近地表建模方法能够将模型精度误差控制在5%以内;逐级递进约束层析反演可拓展可信速度场深度约1500 m。以上成果认识,对类似探区构建高精度近地表模型及提高地震成像精度具有指导意义。The southwest piedmont of the Tarim Basin is one of the important exploration successor fields,whose surface is covered with extremely thick loess,with a thickness of over 500 m.The velocity changes rapidly in both vertical and horizontal directions,and the surface structure is complex.In order to improve the seismic imaging effect and address the issue of difficulty in meeting the accuracy requirements of surface models in complex surface areas,research has been carried out in areas such as fitting time depth curve template,tomography inversion,and refraction inversion.The results indicate that the comprehensive application of multiple surface modeling methods is an effective way to improve the accuracy of near-surface models;the loess curve template can reflect the variation law of near-surface velocity in the continuous medium area;The near-surface modeling method by tomography and refraction constrained iterative inversion can control the model accuracy error within 5%;step-by-step progressive tomography constrained inversion can expand the depth of credible velocity field by about 1500 m.The above achievements have guiding significance for constructing near-surface models of high precision and improving seismic imaging accuracy in similar exploration areas.

关 键 词：层析 折射 近地表建模 塔西南 黄土 表层结构 地震成像 连续介质 

分 类 号：P631.4[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]