保定市156所学校入学新生结核病筛查情况  

Screening of tuberculosis among freshmen in 156 schools in Baoding City

作　　者：张永强[1] 杨欢欢 王亚亚 田敬茹 李扬 王岫峥[2] ZHANG Yong-qiang;YANG Huan-huan;WANG Ya-ya;TIAN Jing-ru;LI Yang;WANG Xiu-zheng(Department of Tuberculosis Prevention,Baoding Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Baoding 071000,China;Department of Tuberculosis Prevention,Hebei University Affiliated Hospital,Baoding 071000,China)

机构地区：[1]保定市疾病预防控制中心结防科,河北保定071000 [2]河北大学附属医院结防科,河北保定071000

出　　处：《中国感染控制杂志》2024年第1期95-99,共5页Chinese Journal of Infection Control

基　　金：保定市科技计划项目(2241ZF290)。

摘　　要：目的了解保定市不同学校入学新生结核病筛查及患病情况,为学校结核病控制工作提供参考。方法收集2021年9月—2022年3月保定市不同地区156所学校入学新生结核病及结核菌素(PPD)试验筛查资料,分析、比较不同地区和不同教育阶段学生PPD筛查结果。结果共调查156所学校68177名入学新生肺结核疑似症状及密切接触史,对63939名学生进行PPD试验筛查。其中,PPD试验阳性学生13821人,阳性率21.62%;强阳性学生3083人,强阳性率4.82%;发现结核病病例15例,报告发病率为23.46/10万。不同教育阶段学生PPD试验阳性率、强阳性率及结核病发病率比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.01),不同教育阶段学生阳性率和强阳性率均呈上升趋势(均P<0.01)。平原区与山区学校学生PPD试验阳性率(22.28%VS 17.89%)和强阳性率(4.85%VS 3.62%)比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.01)。寄宿制初中与非寄宿制初中PPD试验阳性率(23.94%VS 21.60%)和强阳性率(5.07%VS 3.56%)比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.01)。结论应加强初中年级及以上新生的结核病筛查和健康教育,尤其是平原地区寄宿制学校,及早发现潜伏的结核分枝杆菌感染者,并采取相应措施,预防和控制结核病的传播,降低结核病发病风险。Objective To investigate the screening and prevalence of tuberculosis among freshmen in different schools in Baoding City,and provide reference for tuberculosis control in schools.Methods Screening data of tuberculosis and tuberculin test(PPD)of freshmen from 156 schools in different regions of Baoding City from September 2021 to March 2022 were collected.PPD screening results of students from different regions and different school stages were analyzed and compared.Results A total of 68177 freshmen from 156 schools were investigated for suspected symptoms and close contact history of pulmonary tuberculosis.PPD screening was conducted on 63939 students.13821 students were PPD positive,with a positive rate of 21.62%.3083 students were strongly positive,with a strong positive rate of 4.82%.15 cases of tuberculosis were found,and the reported incidence was 23.46/100000.PPD positive rate and strong positive rate as well as incidence of tuberculosis in students in different school stages presented statistically significant differences(all P<0.01).Positive rate and strong positive rate in students in different school stages showed upward trends(all P<0.01).PPD positive rate and strong positive rate of students from schools in plain and mountainous areas presented statistically significant differences([22.28%vs 17.89%];[4.85%vs 3.62%],both P<0.01).PPD positive rate and strong positive rate between students from boarding junior school and non-boarding junior school were significantly different,respectively([23.94%vs 21.60%];[5.07%vs 3.56%],both P<0.01).Conclusion It is necessary to strengthen tuberculosis screening and health education for freshmen,especially those from boarding schools in plain areas,screening latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection as early as possible,take corresponding measures to prevent and control the spread of tuberculosis,and reduce the risk of tuberculosis.

关 键 词：学校 PPD试验 肺结核 感染 学生 

分 类 号：R181.32[医药卫生—流行病学] R521[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]