嵌入式GPU存储管理单元的设计与实现  

Design and implementation of memory management unit for embedded GPU

作　　者：杜慧敏 沈泽京 齐航空 DU Huimin;SHEN Zejing;QI Hangkong(School of Electornic Engineering,Xi’an University of Posts and Telemmunications,Xi’an 710121,China;Sietium Semiconductor Technology(Shandong)Company Limited,Yantai 265500,China)

机构地区：[1]西安邮电大学电子工程学院,陕西西安710121 [2]芯瞳半导体技术(山东)有限公司,山东烟台265500

出　　处：《西安邮电大学学报》2023年第6期21-28,共8页Journal of Xi’an University of Posts and Telecommunications

摘　　要：针对嵌入式图形处理器(Graphics Processing Unit,GPU)中存储管理单元工作频率低以及转换后援缓冲区命中率低的问题,设计并实现了一种适用于嵌入式GPU的存储管理单元。存储管理单元采用两级页表匹配的方式,实现从虚拟地址空间到物理地址空间的映射。将存储管理单元中转换后援缓冲区设计为三级流水线结构,以提高存储管理单元的工作频率。使用改进的伪最近最少使用算法,以提高转换后援缓冲区的命中率。基于中芯国际0.13μm工艺库,使用DC(Design Compiler)工具对设计的存储管理单元进行综合,并在VU440开发板上进行系统级验证。结果表明,采用设计的存储管理单元的嵌入式GPU系统可以正常工作,所提设计的最高工作频率可达235 MHz,转换后援缓冲区的命中率有所提高。与相关设计相比,所提设计的工作频率和转换后援缓冲区的命中率较高。A memory management unit is designed and implemented to address the issues of low operating frequency of memory management units and low hit rates of translation look aside buffer in embedded graphics processing units(GPU).The memory management unit adopts a two-level page table matching method to achieve mapping from virtual address space to physical address space.The design of the translation look aside buffer in the memory management unit as a three-level pipeline structure to increase the working frequency of the memory management unit.By using an improved pseudo least recently used algorithm,the hit rate of the translation look aside buffer is improved.In the 0.13μm process library of the semiconductor manufactuning international corporation(SMIC),the designed memory management unit is synthesized using the DC(design compiler)tool and validated at the system level on the VU440 development board.The verification results show that the embedded GPU system using the designed memory management unit can work normally,and the maximum operating frequency of the proposed design can reach 235 MHz.The hit rate of the translation look aside buffer is improved.Compared with related designs,the proposed design has a higher operating frequency and a higher hit rate of the conversion backup buffer.

关 键 词：嵌入式图形处理器 存储管理单元 虚拟存储技术 转换后援缓冲区 伪最近最少使用算法 

分 类 号：TP399[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]