气动式撞击试验装置内弹道建模及性能影响因素分析  

Internal Ballistic Modeling and Influence FactorsAnalysis of Pneumatic Impact Test Facility

作　　者：彭湃 王军评[1] 毛勇建[1] 黄海莹[1] 李翀[1] 张军[1] 杨琪[1] PENG Pai;WANG Jun-ping;MAO Yong-jian;HUANG Hai-ying;LI Chong;ZHANG Jun;YANG Qi(Institute of Systems Engineering,China Academy of Engineering Physics,Mianyang 621999,China)

机构地区：[1]中国工程物理研究院总体工程研究所,绵阳621999

出　　处：《科学技术与工程》2023年第36期15483-15490,共8页Science Technology and Engineering

基　　金：国防科工局技术基础科研项目(JSHS2019212C001)。

摘　　要：气动式撞击试验技术为大负载试件的撞击安全性研究提供了一种新的加载手段。为满足撞击试验中发射速度的精准控制需求,针对某气动式大负载撞击试验装置,研究其基本工作原理与各功能部件的相互关系,建立撞击试验装置的内弹道数学模型,并利用试验实测数据对模型进行验证,分析环境温度、开阀时间、气体耗损、阻尼等相关因素对内弹道性能的影响。结果表明:所建立的内弹道模型在30~100 m/s范围内普适性好,发射速度预测精度在5%以内;一定范围内,开阀时间、气体耗损对速度的影响在11%以上,温度的影响在约3%,空气和摩擦阻尼的影响可忽略。相关方法和结果可为同类试验技术和气体发射装置设计提供参考。Pneumatic impact test technology provide an economical and controllable method for the impact safety research of large mass specimens.In order to meet the requirements of precise velocity control,the basic working principles and the correlations among the functional components of a pneumatic impact test facility were studied,and the internal ballistic mathematical models of the impact test device were established.The models were verified the with the test data.Furthermore,the influences of temperature,valve opening time,flow loss and damping on internal ballistic performance were analyzed.The results show that the internal ballistic models have good universality in the range of 30~100 m/s,and the prediction accuracy is less than 5%.Within a certain range,the influence of valve opening time and flow loss on speed is more than 11%.The influence of temperature is little,which is about 3%.The influence of air damping and friction damping can be ignored.The methods and results can provide reference for relevant test techniques and gas launch devices.

关 键 词：气动式 撞击试验装置 内弹道模型 影响因素 

分 类 号：TJ012.1[兵器科学与技术—兵器发射理论与技术]