公路声屏障降噪性能数值模拟及结构优化  

Numerical Simulation and Structure Optimization of Noise ReductionPerformance of Highway Noise Barrier

作　　者：戚美[1] 姚鑫 陈庆光[1] 陈文毅 赵帅 褚亮 QI Mei;YAO Xin;CHEN Qing-guang;CHEN Wen-yi;ZHAO Shuai;CHU Liang(College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Shandong University of Science and Technology,Qingdao 266590,China;Shandong Jiejing Environmental Protection Equipment Co.,Ltd.,Tai an 271000,China)

机构地区：[1]山东科技大学机械电子工程学院,青岛266590 [2]山东洁净环保设备有限公司,泰安271000

出　　处：《科学技术与工程》2023年第36期15642-15648,共7页Science Technology and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51674156);山东省自然科学基金(ZR2021ME242);泰安市科技型中小企业创新能力提升工程项目(2022TATSGC011)。

摘　　要：为提高公路声屏障的降噪性能,从声波绕射和反射两个角度考虑,通过声学有限元法(finite element method,FEM)分别探究声屏障顶端类型和表面扩散体间距、宽度以及高度对声屏障插入损失的影响,基于以上分析,提出一种适用于治理公路交通噪声的复合结构声屏障。结果表明,改变声屏障顶端和扩散体结构,对低频噪声影响较小;对于中、高频段,90°夹角的Y型声屏障降噪效果较好,在1 250~2 000 Hz频段内其插入损失较其他顶端类型可提升13 dB;当频率在1 000 Hz附近时,增加矩形扩散体的宽度、高度和间距可提高声屏障降噪效果;针对主要集中在800~1 250 Hz的公路交通噪声,设置复合结构声屏障可有效抑制声影区噪声辐射,附加扩散体后的复合声屏障与Y型声屏障相比,其插入损失最大可提高6 dB。In order to improve the noise reduction performance of highway noise barriers,from two perspectives of sound wave bypassing and reflecting,and explores the effects of the top type of the noise barrier and the spacing,width,and height of the surface diffuser on the insertion loss of the noise barrier were investigated using acoustic finite element method(FEM),respectively.Based on the above analysis,a composite structural noise barrier suitable for managing highway traffic noise was proposed.The results show that changing the structure of the noise barrier tip and diffuser has less effect on the low-frequency noise.For the middle and high frequency bands,the 90°angle Y-type noise barrier has a better noise reduction effect,and its insertion loss can be improved by 13 dB compared with other tip types in the frequency band of 1250~2000 Hz.When the frequency is near 1000 Hz,increasing the width,height and spacing of the rectangular diffuser can improve the noise reduction effect of the noise barrier.For highway traffic noise mainly concentrated in 800~1250 Hz,setting the composite structure noise barrier can effectively suppress the noise radiation in the sound shadow area.The insertion loss of the composite noise barrier with additional diffusers can be increased by up to 6 dB compared with the Y-type noise barrier.

关 键 词：声屏障 插入损失(IL) 顶端 扩散体 

分 类 号：U417[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]