话语定位、身份建构与日本对华政策走向  

Discourse Orientation,Identity Construction,and the Direction of Japan's Policy towards China

作　　者：刘昌明[1] 张佳 LIU Chang-ming;ZHANG Jia

机构地区：[1]山东大学政治学与公共管理学院,青岛266237

出　　处：《东北亚论坛》2024年第1期3-17,127,共16页Northeast Asia Forum

基　　金：山东省社会科学规划项目(21CWTJ38);山东大学政治学与公共管理学院研究生科研基金项目(SDZG2022020104)。

摘　　要：从话语到身份再到对外政策,是一个国家对外政策的基本逻辑。日本在选择与调整对华政策的过程中,实际上便在体系、国家与政策议题三个话语层次上,通过“联系”和“区分”两种方式分别构建了中日差异化的类属身份、角色身份和集体身份。借此中国在类属身份上被置于“民主国家”的对立面;在角色身份上被建构为地区和平与稳定的“冲击者”与“威胁者”、自由经济的“破坏者”;在集体身份上被置于“民主阵营”的对立面,并被排除在“全球南方”之外。在这样的基础上,日本以秩序为“名”,增强防卫建设,协调伙伴关系;以安全为“由”,开展针对性的军事部署,并加强对华经济对冲;以议题为“用”,实行对华软制衡,同时拉拢“全球南方”国家,以将对华政策“合法化”。From discourse to identity and foreign policy is the basic logic of a country's foreign policy. In the process of selecting and adjusting its policy towards China,Japan actually constructs the differentiated type identity,role identity,and collective identity of China and Japan at the three levels of discourse:system,national,and policy issues,through "linking" and "differentiation" respectively. In this way,China has been placed in opposition to "democracies" in terms of its type identity. In terms of its role identity,China has been constructed as a "shocker" and "threatener" to regional peace and stability,and as a "destroyer" of the free economy. In terms of its collective identity,China has been placed in opposition to the "democratic camp" and has been excluded from the "Global South". On this basis,Japan uses order as the "name" to strengthen defense construction and coordinate partnerships;uses security as the "ground" to carry out targeted military deployments and strengthens economic hedging against China;using issues as the "tool",implements soft balancing against China while wooing countries in the "Global South" to "legitimize" its policies towards China.

关 键 词：话语定位 身份构建 对华政策 中日关系 岸田政府 

分 类 号：D815[政治法律—国际关系]