基于单齿多维度冲击破岩机理仿真研究  

Study on Rock-Breaking Mechanisms of Multi-Dimensional Impact Cutting Based on PDC Cutter Numerical Simulation

作　　者：齐悦 柳贡慧[1] 李军[1] 查春青 田玉栋 李玉梅[3] Qi Yue;Liu Gonghui;Li Jun;Zha Chunqing;Tian Yudong;Li Yumei(College of Petroleum Engineering,China University of Petroleum(Beijing);College of Mechanical Engineering and Applied Electronics Technology,Beijing University of Technology;Beijing Key Laboratory of High Dynamic Navigation Technology,Beijing Information Science&Technology University)

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(北京)石油工程学院 [2]北京工业大学机械工程及应用电子技术学院 [3]北京信息科技大学高动态导航技术北京市重点实验室

出　　处：《石油机械》2023年第12期1-7,共7页China Petroleum Machinery

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重大科研仪器项目“钻井复杂工况井下实时智能识别系统研制”(52227804);国家自然科学基金青年基金项目“干热岩储层双重介质射孔簇内复杂多裂缝起裂及扩展机理研究”(52104001);北京市教育委员会科学研究计划项目(KM202111232004)。

摘　　要：扭转冲击钻井破岩模式的提出及应用提高了对井筒周向岩石的切削效率。为了提高复合冲击的破岩效率及轴向冲击频率与扭转冲击频率的最优配比,建立了复合冲击系统的三维有限元数值模型,模拟了PDC单齿与岩石的动态相互作用;通过灵敏度分析,研究了复合冲击中牙齿扭向冲击速度、动态扭转冲击载荷幅值、扭转冲击与轴向冲击频率配比对切削力和切削深度的影响。研究结果表明:扭向冲击速度越大,切削力越大,切削力的幅值越大;切削力随着冲击时间先增大后减小,随着动态扭转冲击载荷幅值的增加,切削力的振幅增大,切削力越快达到峰值;随着扭向冲击速度增加,切削深度幅值和切削力幅值均增大,切削深度曲线呈阶跃特征,牙齿最大切削深度随动态扭转冲击载荷幅值增大而增大;扭转冲击频率与轴向冲击频率的配比关系存在一个最优值。所得结论可为复合冲击破岩工具的后续开发和优化提供理论支持。The development and application of the torsional impact drilling model improve the efficiency of breaking rocks along the wellbore circumference.To enhance the rock-breaking efficiency of the compound impact drilling and the optimal torsional-axial impact frequency ratio,a three-dimensional finite element numerical model of the compound impact system was built to simulate the dynamic interaction between a single PDC cutter and the rock.The effects of the torsional impact velocity,amplitude of dynamic torsional impact load,and torsional-axial impact frequency ratio of the PDC cutter during compound impact on the cutting force and depth were investigated through sensitivity analysis.The results show that a higher torsional impact velocity leads to a larger cutting force and a larger amplitude of cutting force.Moreover,the cutting force grows and then declines with the impact time.As the amplitude of dynamic torsional impact load rises,the amplitude of cutting force increases,and the cutting force peaks earlier.As the torsional impact velocity increases,the amplitudes of both cutting depth and cutting force become larger.The variation of the cutting depth is steplike,and the maximum cutting depth of the PDC cutter grows with the increasing amplitude of dynamic torsional impact load.An optimal value exists for the torsional-axial impact frequency ratio.The research findings provide theoretical support for future development and optimization of the compound impact drilling tools.

关 键 词：复合冲击钻井 破岩机理 PDC单齿 切削力 冲击速度 轴向冲击 

分 类 号：TE921[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]