秸秆还田和增施氮肥对寒地水稻品质的影响  

Effects of Straw Returning and Increased Nitrogen Fertilizer on Rice Quality in Cold Land Region

作　　者：刘梦红 胡聪聪 李红宇 罗明[3] 范名宇 张巩亮 赵海成 Liu Menghong;Hu Congcong;Li Hongyu;Luo Ming;Fan Mingyu;Zhang Gongliang;Zhao Haicheng(College of Agronomy,Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Cultivation Technology and Crop Germplasm Improvement in Heilongjiang Province,Daqing 163319;Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture in Northeastern China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs P.R.China;Heilongjiang Fuyu Farm)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江八一农垦大学农学院/黑龙江省现代农业栽培技术与作物种质改良重点实验室,大庆163319 [2]农业农村部东北平原农业绿色低碳重点实验室 [3]黑龙江省富裕牧场

出　　处：《黑龙江八一农垦大学学报》2023年第6期1-6,共6页journal of heilongjiang bayi agricultural university

基　　金：中央支持地方高校改革发展资金人才培养项目(2022010006);黑龙江省重点研发计划项目(GA21B002)。

摘　　要：为明确秸秆还田和增施氮肥对寒地水稻品质的影响。采用二因素完全随机试验设计进行秸秆还田和秸秆离田下增施氮肥的研究,分析稻米的加工品质、外观品质、营养及食味品质。结果表明:与秸秆离田(A1)相比,秸秆还田(A2)显著或极显著降低稻米的糙米率、精米率、整精米率、粒长及粒宽,整精米率降低了3.54%;垩白粒率、垩白度及直链淀粉含量差异不显著;蛋白质含量极显著提高了12.16%;食味评分显著下降了0.92%。与常规施氮(B1)相比,增氮处理间稻米的糙米率、精米率、垩白粒率、垩白度、蛋白质含量及直链淀粉含量差异不显著;调节肥增氮15%(B3)和穗肥增氮15%(B4)的食味评分分别显著下降1.42%、1.66%;秸秆还田和增施氮肥二因素互作的稻米品质效应均不显著。In order to clarify the effects of straw returning and nitrogen fertilizer application on rice quality in cold land regions,a two-factor complete random experiment design was used to study the application of nitrogen fertilizer under straw returning and straw leaving fields,and the processing quality,appearance quality,nutrition and eating quality of rice were analyzed.The results showed that compared with straw leaving field(A1),straw returning(A2)significantly or extremely significantly reduced the brown rice rate,milled rice rate,head rice rate,grain length and grain width,and head rice rate decreased by 3.54%;there was no significant difference in chalky grain rate,chalkiness and amylose content.The protein content was significantly increased by 12.16%.The taste score decreased by 0.92%.Compared with conventional nitrogen application(B1),there were no significant differences in the percentage of brown rice,white rice,chalkiness,protein content and amylose content.The taste scores of adjusted fertilizer increased nitrogen by 15%(B3)and ear fertilizer increased nitrogen by 15%(B4)decreased by 1.42%and 1.66%,respectively.Effects of straw returning and increased nitrogen fertilizer application on rice quality were not significant.

关 键 词：秸秆还田 增施氮肥 寒地水稻 品质 

分 类 号：S511.4[农业科学—作物学]