语言哲学视域中的新写实小说“修辞转向”  

“Rhetorical Turn”in New Realistic Novels from the Perspective of Linguistic Philosophy

作　　者：赵黎明[1] ZHAO Liming(Institute of Language and Poetics,Jinan University,Zhuhai 519070,China)

机构地区：[1]暨南大学语言诗学研究所,广东珠海519070

出　　处：《贵州师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第1期148-160,共13页Journal of Guizhou Normal University(Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“现代语言诗学与近四十年中国先锋文学运动关系研究”(18BZW123)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：新写实小说的崛起,是对现实主义文学的辩证发展,亦是小说叙事艺术的一种“修辞转向”。其从主观“讲述”到客观“呈现”的变化,折射了异常丰富的文学与哲学内涵。站在“名/实”关系视域看待新写实小说,发现它重视“实”更甚于“名”,具有轻主观而重客观的特质;而体现在叙述结构上,不论是情感态度、价值倾向,还是介入强度,都体现出“中性”或“零度”的艺术风格。此外,与浪漫主义、象征主义文学不同,新写实善于转喻叙事——直陈其事,消除隐喻,又使其打上了现象学的某些烙印。当然,谓其“客观”“中立”、中性叙事,并不意味着它的倾向性消失,也不是说它放弃了介入生活的文学使命,只是为了说明其小说诗学与既往现实主义文学的不同,说明其对现实主义小说艺术的特殊贡献。The rise of the new realistic novel is a dialectical development of realistic literature,and also a“rhetorical turn”of the narrative art of fiction.Its change from subjective“telling”to objective“presenting”reflects an unusually rich literary and philosophical connotation.From the perspective of“name/reality”,we find that new realistic novels attach more importance to“reality”than“name”,and have the characteristics of undervaluing subjective and overvaluing objective.In the narrative structure,whether it is emotional attitude,value tendency,or intervention intensity,it reflects the“neutral”or“zero”artistic style.In addition,different from Romanticism and symbolism literature,the new realism is good at metonymic narration-telling its story directly,eliminating metaphor,and marking it with some brand of phenomenology.Of course,to call it“objective”,“neutral”and neutral narrative does not mean that its tendency has disappeared,nor does it mean that it has given up the literary mission of intervening in life,but just to explain the difference between its novel poetics and previous realistic literature,and explain its special contribution to the art of realistic fiction.

关 键 词：新写实小说 名实之辨 修辞转向 中性叙述 转喻叙事 

分 类 号：I107[文学—世界文学]