论苏轼诗文对扬雄评价的二重性  

The Discussion on Dual Evaluation in Su Shi's Poems and Articles of Yang xiong

作　　者：徐江 XU Jiang(Bashu Culture Research Center,Sichuan Normal University,Chengdu Sichuan,610068,China)

机构地区：[1]四川师范大学巴蜀文化研究中心,四川成都610068

出　　处：《乐山师范学院学报》2023年第12期9-14,共6页Journal of Leshan Normal University

摘　　要：苏轼在诗歌和散文中对扬雄的态度呈现出两个不同的维度:一方面,他在诗歌之中屡引与扬雄相关的典事,悯惜其遭际,赞扬其学问,认同其“孔颜乐处”式的精神;另一方面,他又在散文中对扬雄“投阁”事加以否定,还认为其识见浅薄,著作“以艰深文浅易”,甚至将其视为欺世盗名之徒。宋代对于扬雄的评价急转直下,苏轼对扬雄的批评产生在宋代忠节观念得以强化的背景之中,有很强的现实针对性。但是,扬雄在北宋以前备受推崇,与其相关的典事在历代文人的创作中被不断地接受和传播,凝固成为语码,形成了稳固的象征系统,这些典事被苏轼用入诗歌当中。这是苏轼诗文对扬雄的评价之所以表现出歧异的根本原因。Su Shi's attitude towards Yang Xiong in his poems and arti cles presents two different dimensions:on the one hand,he cites the classics related to Yang Xiong in his poems,sympathizes with his suffering,praises his knowledge and agrees with his spirit of "Confucius and Hui's cheerfulness";On the other hand,he also denied Yang Xiong's "jumpping from Tianlu attic" in the article,thinking that his knowledge is shallow,and his works are "used difficult language to cover up the simple truth",and even regarded him as a deceitful person.In the Song Dynasty,the evaluation of Yang Xiong turned sharply downward.Su Shi's criticism of Yang Xiong was produced in the background of the strengthening of the concept of loyalty in the Song Dynasty,which has a strong realistic pertinence.While Yang xiong is well-respected before the northern song dynasty.The allusions about Yang Xiong in the creation of literature are accepted by constantly and dissemination,which become code and form the solid system.These are used in Su Shi's poetry.This is the fundamental reason why the evaluation in Su Shi's poems and articles of Yang Xiong is different.

关 键 词：苏轼 扬雄评价 苏轼诗歌 

分 类 号：I207.2[文学—中国文学]