共线运营条件下双源无轨电车多车型协调优化  

Coordinated Optimization of Multi-Vehicle Types of Dual-Source Trolleybuses along Common Corridors

作　　者：胡宝雨 高成 卢萌萌 HU Baoyu;GAO Cheng;LU Mengmeng(School of Civil Engineer and Transportation,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,China)

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学土木与交通学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《交通运输研究》2023年第6期21-33,共13页Transport Research

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(19YJCZH052);国家自然科学基金项目(71901056);黑龙江省自然科学基金项目(YQ2022E003)。

摘　　要：为应对双源无轨电车系统节点拥堵问题,提出了一种多车型时刻表优化方法。首先,将站点同时出现的最大车辆数定义为该站点所需泊位数,以保证站点泊位数量充足,从而减小因车辆排队占据车道发生拥堵的概率。在此基础上,综合考虑双源无轨电车运行特性和客流时空分布不均衡性,建立双目标混合整数优化模型,以最小化企业运营成本和共同站点所需泊位数为目标,通过车型配置和发车间隔调整,确定双向最优多车型时刻表,并设计定制化多目标粒子群算法求解。最后,以北京市4条双源无轨电车线路为例进行了实验验证。结果表明,相比单一车型模式下的均匀发车时刻表,优化后的多车型时刻表有效均衡了3种常用双源无轨电车车型的最大载客率,避免了车辆在操作装置相遇,使企业运营成本最高降低了约26.9%,共同站点所需泊位数最多减少了约25.5%,表明所提方法能有效降低企业成本和所需泊位数,减少站点车辆最大排队长度,缓解双源无轨电车系统节点拥堵。To cope with the node congestion problem in the dual-source trolleybus system,a multi-vehicle type scheduling optimization method was proposed.Firstly,the maximum number of vehicles appearing at the same time was defined as the number of berths required by the station,in order to ensure sufficient parking spaces and reduce the probability of congestion caused by vehicle queues occupying lanes.On this basis,a bi-objective mixed-integer optimization model was established,considering the operation characteristics of dual-source trolleybuses and the uneven distribution of passenger flow in time and space.Its aim was to minimize enterprise operating costs and the number of berths required at shared stations.By adjusting vehicle configurations and departure intervals,the optimal multi-vehicle schedule for both directions was determined,and a customized MOPSO(Multi-Objective Particle Swarm Optimization)algorithm was designed for solving.Finally,experimental verification was conducted using four dualsource trolleybus lines in Beijing as examples.The results showed that compared to the uniform departure schedule under single-vehicle type,the optimized schedule of multi-vehicle types effectively balanced the maximum passenger capacity of the three commonly used vehicle types and avoided vehicles encountering at operating devices.It resulted in a maximum reduction of approximately 26.9%in operating costs and a maximum reduction of approximately 25.5%in the number of berths required at shared stations.It indicates that the proposed method can effectively reduce enterprise operating costs and the number of berths required,shorten the maximum queue length of vehicles at stations,and alleviate congestion in the dual-source trolleybus system.

关 键 词：城市交通 时刻表优化 多车型 双源无轨电车 多目标粒子群 泊位 

分 类 号：U491.1[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]