基于不同土地利用方式的土壤重金属污染与潜在风险评价:以辽河流域(浑太水系)山水林田湖草沙一体化保护和修复工程为例  

Soil Heavy Metal Pollution and Potential Risk Assessment Based on Different Ways of Land Use:A Case Study of Integrated Protection and Restoration Project of Mountains,Rivers,Forests,Fields,Lakes,Grass and Sand in the Liaohe River Basin(Huntai River System)

作　　者：李楠[1] 曹明杰 郝喆 侯永莉 陈红丹 张颖 LI Nan;CAO Mingjie;HAO Zhe;HOU Yongli;CHEN Hongdan;ZHANG Ying(School of Environment,Liaoning University,Shenyang,Liaoning 110036,China;Nonferrous Geological Exploration and Research Institute Co.Ltd.,Shenyang,Liaoning 110013,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁大学环境学院,辽宁沈阳110036 [2]辽宁有色勘察研究院有限责任公司,辽宁沈阳110013

出　　处：《现代地质》2023年第6期1655-1664,共10页Geoscience

基　　金：辽宁省科技计划项目(2019JH8/10300107,2020JH2/10300100);中央引导地方科技发展专项资金项目(2021JH6/10500015)

摘　　要：本文的研究以“辽河流域(浑太水系)山水林田湖草沙一体化保护和修复工程”项目为依托,针对辽河流域浑太水系上游修复区,基于建设用地和农用地的土壤监测数据,建立相关性分析、单因子指数法、复合指数法、潜在生态风险指数法与反距离权重插值法相结合的土壤重金属污染状况评价体系。相关性分析表明农用地中砷、汞、铅、镍、镉和锌有相似污染来源,建设用地中砷、汞和铅有相似污染来源;单因子指数与复合指数相结合分析方法显示农用地中含有镉、铜、镍、锌和铬污染,建设用地中仅存在铅污染,重金属污染面积排序为铬>铅>铜>锌>镍>镉,复合污染种类面积排序为无污染>单一元素污染>双元素污染>三元素污染,复合等级面积排序为清洁>警戒>轻度污染;潜在生态风险指数指示建设用地和农用地单一重金属潜在生态风险水平均为轻微危害等级,建设用地的综合潜在生态风险指数在2.13~15.23之间,农用地的综合潜在生态风险指数在5.79~41.99之间,均属于轻微生态危害。本研究可以精准确定重金属污染种类、位置和面积等,为浑太流域上游土壤环境治理提供依据,建立的研究体系也可为其他流域的土壤环境评价工作提供参考与借鉴。In the project“Liaohe River Basin(Huntai River system)mountain,water,forest,farmland,lake,grass and sand integrated protection and restoration project”,basing on soil monitoring data of construction land and agricultural land in restoration area of upper reaches of Huntai River system,we established a soil heavy metal pollution assessment system.The system integrates correlation analysis,single factor index,compound index,potential ecological risk index,and the inverse distance weight interpolation method.The results show that the elements including arsenic,mercury,lead,nickel,cadmium and zinc in agricultural land have similar pollution source,while arsenic,mercury and lead in construction land have similar pollution source.Soil environmental quality was comprehensively assessed by combining the single factor index and composite index.Agricultural land contains cadmium,copper,nickel,zinc and chromium pollution,while construction land has only lead pollution.Ranking of heavy metal pollution area shows chromium>lead>copper>zinc>nickel>cadmium;Ranking of composite pollution type area shows pollution-free>single-element pollution>two-element pollution>three-element pollution.Composite level area ranking shows clean>alert>light pollution.According to the potential ecological risk index,the potential ecological risk levels of single heavy metal on construction land and agricultural land are determined to be of minor hazard level.The comprehensive potential ecological risk index of construction land is 2.13 to 15.23,and that of agricultural land is 5.79 to 41.99,both are within the minor ecological hazard range.Our results can accurately determine the type,location and area of heavy metal pollution,which can provide a basis for soil environmental control in the upper reaches of Huntai River system,and the established research system can also provide references for soil environmental assessment in other basins.

关 键 词：浑太水系 土壤重金属污染 单因子指数 复合指数 潜在生态风险指数 

分 类 号：P96[天文地球—自然地理学] X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X820.4