生物样品采集在放射性核素内污染剂量监测中的应用研究进展  

Research Progress on the Application of Biological Samples Collection in Radionuclide Internal-Contamination Dose Monitoring

作　　者：郭姗姗 刘柳 侯备 朱磊 高燕 Guo Shanshan;Liu Liu;Hou Bei;Zhu Lei;Gao Yan(PLA Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center,Beijing 100088)

机构地区：[1]中国人民解放军火箭军特色医学中心,北京100088

出　　处：《辐射防护通讯》2023年第6期1-5,共5页Radiation Protection Bulletin

基　　金：军队后勤自主科研项目(41C424J)。

摘　　要：生物样品采集可用于放射性核素内污染剂量监测,通过对人体尿液、粪便、鼻咽分泌物、血液等生物样品采集并进行放射性水平分析测定,可了解放射性核素在体内的滞留量及其动态变化,估算人体内照射剂量。尿样采集方法方便易得且易于保存,是核事故受照人群内照射水平测量的首选;粪便分析常用于体内吸入的相对不溶性形式的放射性核素;鼻咽拭子可用于气溶胶粒子形成的放射性核素沉积物检测,是人体产生内照射α/β粒子快速检测方法。不同生物样品采集在放射性核素内污染剂量检测中具有优劣势,本综述以期为生物样品采集在临床实践中的应用及内照射剂量研究提供新思路。Biological sample collection can be used to monitor the internal radiation dose of radionuclides.Through the collection of urine,feces,nasal secretions,blood and other biological samples,in order to analyze the radioactivity level and know about the retention amount and dynamic change of radionuclides in the body.The method of urine sample collection is convenient and easy to obtain samples and preserve,which is the first choice for measuring the internal exposure level after nuclear accident;Fecal analysis is often used for relatively insoluble forms of radionuclides inhaled in the body;Nasopharyngeal swabs can be used for the detection of radionuclide deposits formed by aerosol particles,which is a rapid method for the detection of internal irradiationα/βparticles produced by human body.Different biological sample collection mrthod has advantages and disadvantages in radionuclide internal contamination dose detection.This review paper aims to provide new ideas for the application of biological sample collection in clinical practice and the study of internal irradiation dose.

关 键 词：生物样品 采集 放射性核素 内污染 放射性监测 

分 类 号：TL73[核科学技术—辐射防护及环境保护] R144[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]