施氮活化根际土壤磷素促进粗齿冷水花的磷素积累  

Nitrogen application activates rhizosphere soil phosphorus and enhances the phosphorus accumulation of Pilea sinofasciata

作　　者：唐瑞 蒲勇 戴文颖 余海英 李廷轩 叶代桦 TANG Rui;PU Yong;DAI Wen-ying;YU Hai-ying;LI Ting-xuan;YE Dai-hua(College of Resources,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu,Sichuan 611130,China;Luzhou Modern Agricultural Development Promotion Center,Luzhou,Sichuan 646000,China;Chengdu Environment Innovation Technology Co.,Ltd.Chengdu,Sichuan 610000,China)

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学资源学院,四川成都611130 [2]泸州市现代农业发展促进中心,四川泸州646000 [3]成都环境创新科技有限公司,四川成都610000

出　　处：《植物营养与肥料学报》2023年第12期2299-2309,共11页Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(31972499);国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(32000064);四川省自然科学基金青年基金项目(2022NSFSC1664)。

摘　　要：【目的】施氮可增强磷富集植物的磷积累能力,研究施氮对磷富集植物根际生物化学特性的影响,为解析氮素营养促进磷富集植物修复磷过剩土壤提供科学依据。【方法】以磷富集植物矿山生态型粗齿冷水花(ME)为试验材料,以非矿山生态型(NME)为对照。采用土培盆栽试验,分别设施氮(N)0和140 mg/kg,施磷(P)0、400、800、1200 mg/kg,共组成8个氮磷组合处理。分析植株地上部和地下部磷含量,根际和非根际土壤磷组分、酶活性和微生物活性的变化。【结果】1)在高磷处理下,两种生态型粗齿冷水花的生长和磷吸收受到抑制,而施氮提高了两种生态型植株对高磷的耐性,增加了其生物量和磷积累量;相比不施氮,施氮处理下ME地上部生物量和磷积累量最大增幅分别为72.5%和78.7%,NME最大增幅分别为80.1%和125.6%。施氮处理下,ME地上部生物量和磷积累量在施磷800 mg/kg时最大,分别为27.2 g/plant和193.8 mg/plant,且显著高于相同处理下的NME,分别是NME的1.18和1.24倍。2)施氮可提高两种生态型植株根际土壤水溶性磷和NaHCO3提取态无机磷含量,降低根际土壤NaHCO3提取态有机磷含量,对土壤NaOH提取态磷、HCl提取态磷和残渣态磷含量无显著影响。施氮处理下,ME根际土壤水溶性磷和NaHCO3提取态无机磷含量均低于NME,分别为NME根际的90.13%和81.34%,而其它磷组分在生态型之间无显著差异。3)施氮增加两种生态型植株根际土壤酸性磷酸酶、碱性磷酸酶和植酸酶活性,提高根际土壤微生物生物量碳、氮含量和土壤呼吸强度,表明施氮可提高粗齿冷水花根际土壤磷酸酶和微生物活性。施氮处理下,ME粗齿冷水花根际土壤酸性磷酸酶、碱性磷酸酶和植酸酶活性均高于NME,较NME分别增加7.50%、15.05%和8.93%,而微生物生物量碳、氮和土壤呼吸强度在生态型之间无显著差异。【结论】不施氮时,粗齿冷水花的生长和磷积累�【Objectives】Phosphorus(P)-enriching plants can accumulate high levels of P,and nitrogen(N)fertilization has been found to enhance the accumulation.In this study,we investigated the rhizosphere biochemical properties of a P-accumulating plant under N fertilization,aiming to provide a scientific basis for understanding how N nutrition promotes the remediation of P-excessive soils by P-accumulating plants.【Methods】A pot experiment was conducted using a P-enriching plant species,Pilea sinofasciata.The mining ecotype(ME)and a non-mining ecotype(NME)of Pilea sinofasciata were grown in soils under N doses of 0 and 140 mg/kg and P doses of 0,400,800,and 1200 mg/kg,respectively.The P accumulation in roots and shoots of the two ecotypes,as well as P composition,enzyme activity,and microbial activity in the rhizosphere and bulk soils,were analyzed.【Results】1)When exposed to soil applied with 800 and 1200 mg/kg of P,the growth and P uptake of both ecotypes were inhibited.N application increased their tolerance to high P treatments,showing increased biomass and P accumulation.The biomass and P accumulation improvement in ME were 72.5%and 78.7%,and in NME were 80.1%and 125.6%,compared to no N application.Under N application,the maximum shoot biomass(27.2 g/plant)and P accumulation(193.8 mg/plant)of ME were recorded at P 800 mg/kg,which were 1.18 and 1.24 times higher than those of NME,respectively.2)N application increased the concentrations of H2O-P and NaHCO3-Pi,and decreased the concentrations of NaHCO3-Po,did not significantly affect the concentrations of NaOH-P,HCl-P,and residual-P in the rhizosphere soil of both ecotypes.And the concentrations of H2O-P and NaHCO3-Pi in rhizosphere soil of ME were lower than those of NME.3)N application increased the activities of acid phosphatase,alkaline phosphatase,and phytase in the rhizosphere soil of both ecotypes,as well as the concentrations of microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen in the rhizosphere soil and the intensity of soil respiration,indicating that N applicat

关 键 词：施氮 磷富集植物 磷积累 磷组分 土壤酶活性 土壤微生物活性 

分 类 号：S143[农业科学—肥料学]