大理烟田土壤有效锌、钼和硼含量的时空变异及其影响因素  

Temporal and spatial variation of soil available zinc,molybdenum and boron contents in Dali tobacco-growing fields and the influencing factors

作　　者：苏欣悦 王晋峰 孙楠[1] 蒯雁 范志勇[3] 张久权[4] 徐明岗[1,2] SU Xin-yue;WANG Jin-feng;SUN Nan;KUAI Yan;FAN Zhi-yong;ZHANG Jiu-quan;XU Ming-gang(State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China/Key Laboratory of Arable Land Quality Monitoring and Evaluation,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China;Shanxi Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Nutrient Resources,Shanxi Institute of Ecological and Environmental Technology,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taiyuan,Shanxi 030031,China;Tobacco Company Dali Prefecture,Dali,Yunnan 671000,China;Institute of Tobacco Research,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Qingdao,Shandong 266101,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所/北方干旱半干旱耕地高效利用全国重点实验室/农业农村部耕地质量监测与评价重点实验室,北京100081 [2]山西农业大学生态环境产业技术研究院/土壤环境与养分资源山西省重点实验室,山西太原030031 [3]云南省烟草公司大理州公司,云南大理671000 [4]中国农业科学院烟草研究所,山东青岛266101

出　　处：《植物营养与肥料学报》2023年第12期2371-2380,共10页Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers

基　　金：中国烟草总公司云南省公司重大项目(2021530000241026);中国烟草总公司重点研发项目计划项目(110202102041)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究大理州烟田土壤有效锌、钼和硼含量时空分布及影响因素,旨在为科学的施肥策略及优质烟叶生产提供理论指导。【方法】2012和2022年,在云南大理州平原地区选取连片烟田,分别采集了1131和4512个烟田耕层(0—20 cm)土壤样品。调查采样点经纬度和海拔、地形、土壤质地和前茬作物等信息,分析土壤理化性质。结合1982第二次土壤普查数据,运用地统计学方法分析1982、2012和2022年土壤有效锌、钼和硼含量的时空分布,利用回归分析和随机森林模型量化土壤有效锌、钼和硼含量变化的主要影响因素。【结果】1982、2012和2022年土壤有效锌含量平均分别为2.35、3.50、4.35 mg/kg,呈上升趋势;有效钼含量分别为0.18、0.14、0.11 mg/kg,呈下降趋势;有效硼含量分别为0.26、0.63、0.58 mg/kg,呈先升后降趋势。空间上,1982、2012、2022年有效锌和硼块金效应分别为50.8%、45.5%、31.8%和41.3%、39.4%、33.8%,均呈中等空间自相关性,总体呈现四周高、中部低的地理分布格局,而有效钼的块金效应均小于25%,呈东南高、西北低的分布趋势。平原地貌土壤有效锌和硼含量显著高于山地;黏土中有效钼含量显著高于砂土和壤土,壤土中有效硼含量最高。土壤pH、有机质、碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾和海拔对3种元素的时空变异影响较强。土壤有效磷含量和海拔(解释率20.5%和16.8%)是有效锌含量变化的主要影响因子,海拔和碱解氮(解释率13.7%和12.8%)是有效钼含量变化的主要影响因子,碱解氮和速效钾(解释率分别为17.6%和15.6%)是有效硼含量变化的主要影响因子。【结论】大理州植烟土壤有效锌、钼和硼含量与40年前相比,均有不同程度的提高,目前分别处于丰富(Ⅴ级)、缺乏(Ⅱ级)和中等(Ⅲ级)水平。锌、钼和硼3种微量元素含量均同时受到地理环境、土壤质地和肥力的共同影响,也受到前茬作物的影�【Objectives】The spatial and temporal distribution and the influence factors of soil nutrient contents reflects the rationality during a certain period of tobacco cultivation.The study will provide theoretical basis for scientific fertilization strategy in high-quality tobacco production of Dali Prefecture.【Methods】In 2012 and 2022,total of 1131 and 4512 top soil samples were collected in the tobacco fields of the plain area in Dali Prefecture,Yunnan Province.The location,altitude,soil texture and pre-crop information of each sample were investigated,and the physical and chemical properties were analyzed.The data of the second soil census in 1982 was used as reference.Geostatistics were used to analyze the spatial and temporal distribution of available Zn,Mo and B contents in 1982,2012 and 2022,and regression analysis and random forest model were used to quantify the main factors affecting the changes of soil available Zn,Mo and B contents.【Results】In 1982,2012 and 2022,the average available Zn content was 2.35 mg/kg,3.50 mg/kg and 4.35 mg/kg,respectively,showing an increasing trend;The available Mo content was 0.18 mg/kg,0.14 mg/kg and 0.11 mg/kg,respectively,exhibiting a downward trend.The available B content was 0.26 mg/kg,0.63 mg/kg and 0.58 mg/kg,respectively,showing a rising first and then decreasing trend.The nugget values of available Zn and B in 1982,2012 and 2022 were 50.8%,45.5%,31.8%and 41.3%,39.4%,33.8%,respectively,showing moderate spatial autocorrelation,and the available Zn and B contents were low in the middle and high in the outskirts of the test area geographically.The nugget values of available Mo were less than 25%,and showed a decrease trend from high in the southeast to low in the northwest.The available Zn and B contents were significantly higher in the plains than in the mountainous areas;the available Mo content was significantly higher in the clay than in the sand and loam soil,and the available B content was higher in the loam than in the other textures of soils.Soil pH,orga

关 键 词：大理州 植烟土壤 微量元素 时空变异 影响因素 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]