不同林龄红椎林地土壤微生物多样性及理化性质的变化  

Changes of microbial diversity and soil physical and chemical properties in different forest ages of Castanopsis hystrix

作　　者：张子言 ZHANG Zi-yan(Shanwei Forest Resources Conservation Center,Guangdong shanwei 516600)

机构地区：[1]汕尾市森林资源保育中心,广东汕尾516600

出　　处：《陕西林业科技》2023年第5期6-10,共5页Shaanxi Forest Science and Technology

摘　　要：森林土壤是林业生产的基础,土壤质量是决定林地生产力的前提与保障,而微生物与土壤发生、发育密切相关,影响着土壤质量变化。本试验以11、16、22、31 a生红椎人工林为研究对象,分析了不同林龄林地土壤理化性质及微生物多样性差异。结果表明:随着林龄增加,土壤微生物多样性指数、丰富度指数与土壤孔隙度、速效氮含量、速效钾含量变化趋势一致,均呈先下降后上升趋势,在22 a生林分中最低,而林地土壤容重、含水率则呈先上升后下降趋势,在22 a生林分中达到峰值。以微生物多样性指数、微生物丰富度指数、土壤容重、土壤孔隙度、土壤含水率、土壤pH值及土壤有效氮、有效磷、有效钾含量等9个指标作为评价指数,利用主成分分析法进行土壤质量综合评价,各林地得分表现为:11 a>16 a>31 a>22 a。研究认为,林龄不同,红椎林分林地土壤质量也不同。在经营周期上应以中长期为主,同时还应注重土壤疏松透气性改良,并辅以氮钾肥补充。Forest soil is the basis of forestry production.Soil quality is the premise and guarantee to determine the productivity of forest land.Microorganisms are closely related to the occurrence and development of soil and affect the change of soil quality.In this experiment,11,16,22 and 31-year-old Castanopsis hystrix plantations were used as research objects to analyze the differences in soil physical and chemical properties and microbial diversity in different forest ages.The results showed that with the increase of forest age,the microbial diversity index,richness index,soil porosity,available nitrogen content and available potassium content showed the same trend,which decreased first and then increased,and the lowest in the 22-year-old forest.The soil bulk density and water content of the forest land increased first and then decreased,reaching the peak in the 22-year-old forest.The microbial diversity index,microbial richness index,soil bulk density,soil porosity,soil moisture content,soil pH value and soil available nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium content were used as evaluation indexes,and the soil quality was evaluated by principal component analysis.The scores of each forest land were as follows:11a>16a>31a>22a.The study suggests that the soil quality of C.hystrix forest is different with different forest ages.In the management cycle,it should be based on the medium and long term,and should also pay attention to the improvement of soil porosity and permeability,supplemented by nitrogen and potassium fertilizers.

关 键 词：红椎 微生物 地力维持 精准施肥 林地土壤 

分 类 号：S714.2[农业科学—林学]