基于Maxent模型的长青自然保护区毛冠鹿栖息地适宜性评价  

Maxent-based Assessment of Habitat Suitability for Elaphodus cephalophus in Changqing Nature Reserve

作　　者：王红娟 王健龙 WANG Hong-juan;WANG Jian-long(Changqing National Nature Reserve Administration,Hanzhong,Shaanxi 723000)

机构地区：[1]陕西长青国家级自然保护区,陕西汉中723000

出　　处：《陕西林业科技》2023年第5期34-40,共7页Shaanxi Forest Science and Technology

摘　　要：为全面了解长青自然保护区毛冠鹿(Elaphodus cephalophus)的生境状况,利用2018-2020年于辖区内收集的样点数据,应用Maxent模型对长青保护区的毛冠鹿栖息地适宜性进行评价。结果显示:(1)毛冠鹿适宜等级栖息地约占辖区面积的13.9%,最适宜等级栖息地约占10.4%;(2)环境因子是影响毛冠鹿生态适宜性的最重要因素,包括主要河流(33.5%)、小河(16.1%)、主要道路(10%)、林区小道(8.7%)、植被类型(8.6%)、坡向(6.1%);气候因子影响有限,其中影响最大的是最湿季降水量(3.6%);(3)毛冠鹿适宜栖息地为距离主要河流、小河、林区小道分别小于1200、500、1000 m,距离主要道路2500~8000 m之间,适宜植被类型为盖度适中的针阔混交林,主要活动的坡向为西北、西和西南坡向。本次研究基本明确了辖区内毛冠鹿的分布情况和主要影响因子,为进一步的野生动物管护工作提供理论依据。In order to fully understand the habitat status of Elaphodus cephalophus,the maxent model was used to evaluate its habitat suitability based on site data collected in Changqing Nature Reserve from 2018-2020.The result showed that:(1)the habitats suitable for Elaphodus cephalophus accounted for about 13.9%of the total area,and the most suitable habitats accounted for about 10.4%;(2)the most important factors affecting the ecological suitability of Elaphodus cephalophus were environmental factors,including major rivers(33.5%),small rivers(16.1%),major roads(10%),small roads(8.7%),vegetation type(8.6%),and slope aspect(6.1%).Climatic factors had limited influence,with precipitation in the wettest quarter(3.6%)being the most influential factor;(3)the suitable habitat for Elaphodus cephalophus was the places less than 1200 m from major rivers,500 m away from small rivers and 1000 m away from the small forest and sites between 2500 m-8000 m away from the major road.The suitable vegetation type was mixed broad-leaved and needle-leaved forests with moderate coverage,and the main aspect were northwest,west and southwest.The distribution and the main influencing factors of Elaphodus cephalophus in the area were basically defined,providing a theoretical basis for further wildlife management and protection work.

关 键 词：毛冠鹿 Maxent模型 生境适宜性 

分 类 号：S759.9[农业科学—森林经理学]