相对贫困的国际测量方法、运行实践及启示  

International Measurement Methods,Operation Practice and Implications of Relative Poverty

作　　者：刘桂莲 LIU Guilian(School of Management,Capital Normal University,Beijing 100048,China)

机构地区：[1]首都师范大学管理学院,北京100048

出　　处：《北京航空航天大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第1期92-100,共9页Journal of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics：Social Sciences edition Edition

基　　金：北京市社会科学基金青年项目(20SRC021)。

摘　　要：科学合理设定相对贫困标准是实现共同富裕的基本前提,是识别和监测相对贫困人口的基础性工作。国际上常用的相对贫困测量方法包括单维收入贫困测量和多维相对贫困测量。通过明晰不同类别相对贫困测量方法的基本内涵,结合典型国家的实践经验,总结其可能给中国制定多维相对贫困标准带来的启示。同时指出,结合中国经济发展阶段和贫困治理目标,应采取多维相对贫困测量法,除考虑收入维度外,还要考虑教育、医疗、住房、基本公共服务、享有社会保障权益等维度。此外,因中国城乡和地区发展差异较大,相对贫困标准的制定应考虑地区差异并建立灵活的阈值动态调整机制。Setting the relative poverty standards scientifically and reasonably is the basic premise of realizing common prosperity,and the fundamental work to identify and monitor the relative poor population.Relative poverty measurement methods which are commonly used include one-dimensional income poverty measurement and multidimensional relative poverty measurement.The paper clarifies the basic connotations of these two different types of measurement methods,and puts forward their implications for China to develop the multi-dimensional relative poverty standard based on the practical experience of some typical countries.The study also points out that considering the stage of China’s economic development and the goal of poverty reduction,we should adopt a multi-dimensional relative poverty measurement method,which takes into account not only the income,but also education,medical care,housing,basic public services and social security rights and interests.At the same time,due to the great differences in the development between urban and rural areas in China,we should consider the regional differences in the formulation of relative poverty standards,and establish a flexible mechanism for dynamic adjustment of thresholds.

关 键 词：相对收入贫困 物质剥夺法 相对贫困线 多维贫困指数 贫困阈值 

分 类 号：D63[政治法律—政治学] F126[政治法律—中外政治制度]