林分空间结构对天然林木本植物多样性的影响  

The influence of forest spatial structure on the diversity of woody plants in natural forests

作　　者：王蕾 郭秋菊 艾训儒 姚兰 朱江 刘西尧 WANG Lei;GUO Qiuju;AI Xunru;YAO Lan;ZHU Jiang;LIU Xiyao(Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Resources Protection and Utilization,Hubei Minzu University,Enshi,Hubei 445000,China;School of Forest and Horticulture,Hubei Minzu University,Enshi,Hubei 445000,China;Lichuan Agriculture and Rural Bureau,Lichuan,Hubei 445400,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北民族大学生物资源保护与利用湖北省重点实验室,湖北恩施445000 [2]湖北民族大学林学园艺学院,湖北恩施445000 [3]利川市农业农村局,湖北利川445400

出　　处：《森林与环境学报》2024年第1期20-27,共8页Journal of Forest and Environment

基　　金：湖北省教育厅科学研究项目“鄂西南高山矮曲林凋落物分解障碍机制”(Q20221903);生物资源保护与利用湖北省重点实验室2022年度开放基金项目“木林子天然林林分结构时空动态变化规律”(PT012208);2020年湖北民族大学高水平科研成果校内培育项目“鄂西南典型森林空气中康养物质多样性与时空动态研究”(420502);湖北民族大学科研创新项目“七姊妹山保护区林分结构对木本植物多样性的影响研究”(MYK2023020)。

摘　　要：为探究不同类型天然林林分空间结构与木本植物多样性的相互作用关系,在星斗山保护区参照CTFS样地标准建立马尾松、杉木和光叶水青冈3种天然林固定监测样地,基于样地调查数据,分析不同类型林分空间结构、木本植物多样性的差异,应用Pearson相关分析检验林分空间结构指标对木本植物多样性的影响作用。结果表明:3种林分的混交度、角尺度整体上无明显差异,杉木林、光叶水青冈林的大小分化程度均值存在一定差异,但3种林分均形成混交、聚集且具有一定竞争力的生长状态。各林分木本植物物种组成丰富,以杉木林乔木层的Shannon-Weiner指数、Simpson指数、物种数量为最高,但3种林分之间差异不显著(P>0.05);光叶水青冈林的Pielou指数值最高,各林分类型间无显著差异(P>0.05);马尾松林灌木层的Shannon-Weiner指数、Simpson指数值最高,光叶水青冈林灌木层Shannon-Weiner指数显著低于马尾松林(P<0.05),Simpson指数值也显著低于马尾松林和杉木林(P<0.05),但光叶水青冈林Pielou指数显著高于另外两种林分(P<0.05),物种数显著高于杉木林(P<0.05)。不同林分的空间结构指标对木本植物多样性的影响存在一定差异,混交度是主要影响因子,且混交度越强,物种多样性越高。To explore the interaction between the spatial structure of different types of natural forest stands and the diversity of woody plants.The fixed monitoring sample plots of Pinus massoniana,Cunninghamia lanceolata,and Fagus lucida three types natural forests were established in the Xingdoushan Nature Reserve,in accordance with the CTFS plot standards.The differences in spatial structure and woody plant diversity among different types of forests were analyzed through sample plots investigation.The impact of forest spatial structure indicators on woody plant diversity was tested by Pearson correlation analysis.The results showed that:there is no significant difference of the three stands mingling and uniform angle index.There is a certain difference in the dominance of size differentiation between the forests of Cunninghamia lanceolata and Fagus lucida,but all three stands form a mixed,clustered,and competitive growth state.The species composition of woody plants in various stands is rich.The Shannon Weiner index,Simpson index and species number of the tree layer in the Cunninghamia lanceolata forest are the highest,but there is no significant difference between the three types of natural forests(P>0.05),and the Pielou index value in the Fagus lucida forest is the highest,and there was no significant difference(P>0.05)among different forest types.The Shannon Weiner index and Simpson index values of the shrub layer in the natural forest of Pinus massoniana are the highest,and the Shannon Weiner index of the shrub layer in the forest of Fagus lucida is significantly lower than the forest of Pinus massoniana(P<0.05).The Simpson index value is also significantly lower than the forest of Pinus massoniana and Cunninghamia lanceolata(P<0.05),but Pielou index of the Fagus lucida forest is significantly higher than that in the other two stands(P<0.05),and the number of species is significantly higher than the forest of Cunninghamia lanceolata(P<0.05).There are certain differences in the impact of spatial structure indicators

关 键 词：林分类型 空间结构 木本植物 物种多样性 

分 类 号：S757.4[农业科学—森林经理学]