城市森林群落林下草本植物多样性及其环境响应——以贵阳市为例  

Diversity of Understory Herbaceous Plants in Urban Forest Communities and Their Environmental Responses-the Case of Guiyang City

作　　者：蔡洪丽 欧静[1] CAI Hong-li;OU Jing(College of Forestry,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,Guizhou China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学林学院,贵州贵阳550025

出　　处：《亚热带植物科学》2023年第5期433-447,共15页Subtropical Plant Science

基　　金：贵州省林业科研项目(黔林科合[2023]09)。

摘　　要：林下草本植物是森林群落的重要组成部分,对于维持森林生态系统功能及其多样性具有重要意义。该研究基于贵阳市44个典型森林群落样地1320个1 m×1 m林下草本样方调查数据,分析了草本植物多样性与环境因子的关系。结果表明:(1)研究区内共有林下草本植物257种,分属67科186属,种子植物226种,以多年生草本为优势类群(69%)。菊科、禾本科、百合科、唇形科占主导地位。(2)8个环境因子共解释了贵阳市林下草本植物组成变异量的20.2%,林分类型和海拔是影响物种组成和分布的主要环境因子。(3)不同林分类型林下草本植物多样性从高到低依次为针阔叶混交林、阔叶混交林、阔叶纯林、针叶混交林、针叶纯林。Margalef指数与林分类型和坡向显著相关;Shannon-Wiener指数与林分类型、凋落物厚度、坡向、坡位显著相关;Simpson指数、Pielou指数与林分类型、凋落物厚度、坡位显著相关。(4)多元回归方程表明,Margalef指数主要受林分类型、坡向影响,Shannon-Wiener指数主要受林分类型影响,Simpson指数主要受林分类型、坡位影响,Pielou指数主要受凋落物厚度、坡位和海拔的影响。因此,林分类型、凋落物厚度、坡向、坡位、海拔共同作用能够较好地解释贵阳市森林群落林下草本植物物种多样性的变化情况。Understory herbaceous plants are an important component of forest communities,and are important for maintaining the function and diversity of forest ecosystems.This study analyzed the relationship between the composition and diversity of herbaceous plants and environmental factors based on the data from 1320 understory samples(1 m×1 m)from 44 typical forest community sample plots in Guiyang City.The results showed that(1)there were 257 species of understory herbaceous plants in the study area,belonging to 186 genera in 67 families,including 226 species of seed plants,with perennial herbs as the dominant taxa(69%).Asteraceae,Gramineae,Liliaceae and Labiatae dominated.(2)A total of eight environmental factors explained 20.2%of the variation in the composition of understory herbaceous plants in Guiyang City,and stand type and elevation were the main environmental factors affecting species composition and distribution.(3)The diversity of understory herbaceous plants in different stand types was,in descending order,mixed coniferous-broadleaf forests,mixed broadleaf forests,broadleaf-only forests,mixed coniferous forests,and coniferous-only forests.The Margalef index was significantly correlated with stand type and slope direction.The Shannon-Wiener index was significantly correlated with stand type,apomictic thickness,slope direction,and slope elevation.And the Simpson index,Pielou index were significantly correlated with stand type,apoplastic thickness,and slope position.(4)Multiple regression equations showed that Margalef index was mainly affected by stand type and slope direction,Shannon-Wiener index was mainly affected by stand type,Simpson index was mainly affected by stand type and slope position,and Pielou index was mainly affected by apomictic thickness,slope position and elevation.Therefore,the joint effect of stand type,apoplastic thickness,slope direction,slope position and elevation could better explain the variation of understory herbaceous plant species diversity in the study area.

关 键 词：林下草本植物 物种多样性 环境因子 相关性分析 多元逐步回归分析 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]