溃堤洪水在有压雨水管网街区演进的试验研究  

Experimental Study on the Evolution of Dike-break Flood in Urban Neighborhood Under Pressurized Stormwater Pipe Network

作　　者：张晓雷 刘书瑜 董柏良 赵建坤 张立涛 ZHANG Xiaolei;LIU Shuyu;DONG Boliang;ZHAO Jiankun;ZHANG Litao(School of Water Conservaney,North China Univ.of Water Resources and Electric Power,Zhengzhou 450046,China;Henan Provincial Key Lab.of Hydrosphere and Watershed Water Security,Zhengzhou 450046,China;State Key Lab.of Water Resource and Hydropower Eng.Sci.,Wuhan Univ.,Wuhan 430072,China;Guangdong Research Inst.of Ater Resources and Hydropower,Guangzhou 510610,China)

机构地区：[1]华北水利水电大学水利学院,河南郑州450046 [2]河南省水圈与流域水安全重点实验室,河南郑州450046 [3]武汉大学水资源与水电工程科学国家重点实验室,湖北武汉430072 [4]广东省水利水电科学研究院,广东广州510610

出　　处：《工程科学与技术》2024年第1期228-236,共9页Advanced Engineering Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51725902,41890823);河南省高等学校重点科研项目计划(21B770002);广东省水动力学应用研究重点实验室开放研究基金(gdsky[2018]003);华北水利水电大学高层次人才科研启动项目(20190906)。

摘　　要：溃堤洪水在有压雨水管网街区的演进过程十分复杂,城市街区建筑物及雨水管网改变了洪水的演进规律,影响了街区排涝的水力特性。本文基于典型城市街区建立了包括房屋、人行道及雨水管网在内的概化水槽模型,测量了不同溃堤洪水在典型城市街区演进过程中的街区水深、雨水管网流量及压强,探究了不同蓄水高度、前池进口流量对街区水位波动变化及有压雨水管网下泄流量的影响。溃堤洪水在水槽侧壁、房屋的作用下形成了大面积的水跃,并且在房屋建筑物附近出现了薄层状水片,水跃区域伴随着洪水演进过程先是在人行道处发生横向的迁移合并,再是在街区道路的纵向方向上逐渐耗散直至消失,街区水位在100 s后基本稳定,从上游至下游呈“先增大、再减小”的变化趋势。溃堤洪水在街区演进过程中,不同蓄水高度对有压雨水管网的泄流量影响相较于不同前池进口流量更加显著,街区上游雨水口的峰值流量在最大蓄水高度条件约为最大前池进口流量的1.5倍。研究结合街区水位及有压雨水管网压强采用欧拉数对短管淹没出流公式的泄流系数进行了率定,修正后的理论计算值的误差由32%降低至2%,能够较好地反映出街区雨水口的泄流能力。研究成果不仅能为数学模型提供翔实的验证资料,还可为城市洪涝治理提供理论指导。The evolution process of dike-break flood in the urban neighborhood equipped with pressurized stormwater pipe networks was very complex.In general,the buildings and stormwater pipe networks in urban neighborhood has profoundly changed the evolution characteristics of flood,thus affecting the hydraulic characteristics of the drainage function of the neighborhood.Based on the generalized sink model established in typical urban neighborhood,including houses,sidewalks and stromwater pipe networks,we measured the block water depth,stromwater pipe network flow and pressure during the evolution of typical urban neighborhood for different dike-break flood,so as to explore the impact of different storage heights,forebay inlet flow on the fluctuation of neighborhood water level and the discharge flow of pressurized stormwater pipe networks.Generally speaking,the dike-break flood will form a large area of hydraulic jump under the action of the side wall of the flume and the house.Furthermore,there are thin layered sheet flows near buildings.With the process of flood evolution,the hydraulic jump area first migrates horizontally and merges at the sidewalk.Then,the hydraulic jump is gradually dissipated in the longitudinal direction of the block road until it disappears.After 100 seconds,the water level in the neighborhood is basically stable,showing a trend of"first increasing,then decreasing"from upstream to downstream.In fact,during the evolution of the neighborhood,compared with the flow of different forebay inlets,the impact of different storage heights on the discharge of the pressurized stromwater pipe network is more significant.The peak flow at the gutter inlet of the block at the maximum storage height is about 1.5 times of the maximum forebay inlet flow.In this study,on the basis of combining the water level of the block and the pressure of the pressurized stormwater pipe network,the Euler number is adopted to calibrate the discharge coefficient of the short pipe submerged outflow formula.Finally,the error of the co

关 键 词：溃堤洪水 有压雨水管网 雨水口 概化水槽模型 

分 类 号：TV131[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学] TU992[建筑科学—市政工程]