卡霍夫卡溃坝造成的下游灾情评估  

Downstream Disaster Evaluation Caused by the Kakhovka Dam Failure

作　　者：刘波 李英冰[1] 杨新红[2] LIU Bo;LI Yingbing;YANG Xinhong(School of Geodesy and Geomatics,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430079,China;China Earthquake Emergency Search and Rescue Center,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学测绘学院,湖北武汉430079 [2]中国地震应急搜救中心,北京100049

出　　处：《地理空间信息》2024年第1期39-43,81,共6页Geospatial Information

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2018YFC0807000、KJSP2020020101、KJSP2020020303)。

摘　　要：2023年6月6日凌晨乌克兰赫尔松州卡霍夫卡水电站大坝被炸毁。该大坝坐落于第聂伯河下游,上游约有18亿m3水库蓄水,下游有60多个村镇、数10万居民,溃坝洪水对下游产生了巨大影响。基于Sentinel-1遥感影像,利用双极化水体指数与最大类间方差法(OTSU)提取了第聂伯河下游区域受灾前后的水域分布情况;通过对比分析溃坝前后一周内的情况提取受灾区域,结合地物分类数据和交通矢量数据,综合评估了部分重要地物的受灾情况,约170.72 km2的农田、5.14 km2的建筑被淹没,16.63%的道路存在不同程度的淹没情况。In the early morning of June 6,2023,the dam of Kakhovka hydroelectric power plant in Kherson Oblast,Ukraine,which was located in the downstream of Dnieper River with about 1.8 billion m3 of reservoir water stored upstream and more than 60 villages and towns with hun-dreds of thousands of inhabitants downstream of the dam,was blown out,and the dam failure flood had a huge impact on the downstream.In this paper,we used Sentinel-1 remote sensing images to extract the pre and post-disaster water distribution in the Dnieper River downstream by the dual-polarized water body index and the maximum inter-class variance method(OTSU),and compared and analyzed the affected areas within one week before and after the dam failure to extract the affected areas.Finally,combined with the feature classification data and traffic vector da-ta,we comprehensively evaluated the damage extent of some important features,including 170.72 km2 of agricultural land and 5.14 km2 of build-ings were flooded,and 16.63%of roads were also flooded to different degrees.

关 键 词：溃坝 洪水 灾情评估 遥感 OTSU 

分 类 号：P237[天文地球—摄影测量与遥感] P237[天文地球—测绘科学与技术]