基于减污降碳和水质目标约束下的黄河干流兰州段城区污水处理厂出水排放限值研究  

Study on Effluent Discharge Limits of Municipal Sewage Treatment Plants in Lanzhou Section of the Yellow River Main Stream under Reduction of Pollution and Carbon Emissions and Water Quality Objectives

作　　者：彭定华 张辉 马雪菲 黄河 PENG Dinghua;ZHANG Hui;MA Xuefei;HUANG He(Ecological Environment Monitoring and Scientific Research Center,Yellow River Basin Ecology and Environment Administration,Ministry of Ecology and Environment,Zhengzhou 450004,China)

机构地区：[1]生态环境部黄河流域生态环境监督管理局生态环境监测与科学研究中心,河南郑州450004

出　　处：《环境科学研究》2024年第1期202-211,共10页Research of Environmental Sciences

基　　金：黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展联合研究项目(No.2022-YRUC-01-0405)。

摘　　要：为科学合理地提出黄河干流兰州段城区污水处理厂出水排放限值,实施精准科学治污,持续改善黄河干流兰州段水环境质量,本文以兰州市城区四座有代表性的污水处理厂(西固、七里河安宁、盐场和雁儿湾污水处理厂)为研究对象,统计四座污水处理厂主要污染物排放浓度、中水回用率、主要污染物去除率及减排效果,分析四座污水处理厂入河排污对黄河干流兰州段水质的影响,梳理污水处理厂运行阶段的碳排放情况.结果表明:(1)兰州市城区四座污水处理厂中水回用率低,介于0.86%~4.66%之间.(2)四座污水处理厂主要污染物的去除率高于国内污水处理厂主要污染物去除率的平均水平,COD、NH_(3)-N年均减排量分别为114584.1、8234.6 t,减排效果明显.(3)在黄河枯水期上游来水水量小、水质接近或超出GB 3838-2002《地表水环境质量标准》Ⅱ类水质目标限值的条件下,叠加区间其他入河排污口的影响,兰州市城区四座污水处理厂均按照设计规模及设计出水水质排污会对下游河段水质造成影响.因此,不能一味地追求出水水质,盲目提标改造,要综合考虑污水处理厂运行过程中的碳排放,在满足受纳水体水质目标前提下,统筹考虑减污降碳.In order to scientifically and reasonably put forward effluent discharge limits for sewage treatment plants in Lanzhou Section of the Yellow River Main Stream,implement accurate and scientific pollution control,and continuously improve the water environment quality of Lanzhou Section of the Yellow River Main Stream,four representative sewage treatment plants(Xigu,Qilihe Anning,Yanchang and Yanerwan sewage treatment plant)in Lanzhou City were selected as the research object.The main pollutant emission concentration,reclaimed water reuse rate,main pollutant removal efficiency and emission reduction effect of the four sewage treatment plants were counted.The influence of discharge from four sewage treatment plants on the water quality of Lanzhou Section of the Yellow River Main Stream was analyzed.The carbon emission of the sewage treatment plants in the operation stage was sorted out.The results show that:(1)The reclaimed water reuse rate of the four sewage treatment plants in Lanzhou City is low,ranging from 0.86%to 4.66%.(2)The removal efficiency of the main pollutants in the four sewage treatment plants is higher than the average level of domestic sewage treatment plants.The average annual emission reductions of COD and NH_(3)-N were 114,584.1 t and 8,234.6 t,respectively,and the emission reduction effect is obvious.(3)Under the condition that the amount of incoming water in the upper reaches of the Yellow River during low-water seasons is small and the water quality is close to or exceeds the ClassⅡwater quality target limit of Environmental Quality Standard for Surface Water(GB 3838-2002),and superimposed the effects of other sewage outlets into the river,the four sewage treatment plants in Lanzhou City will affect the water quality of the downstream reaches in accordance with the design scale and design effluent quality.The research shows that it is not necessary to blindly raise the standards in the pursuit of effluent quality.The carbon emissions during the operation of the sewage treatment plants should

关 键 词：污水处理厂 排放限值 减污降碳 水质目标 

分 类 号：X523[环境科学与工程—环境工程]