超高层建筑应急疏散拥挤踩踏事故形成机理研究  

Research on Forming Mechanism of Stampede Accident in Super High-rise Buildings Emergency Evacuation

作　　者：蒋思敏 焦天骜 朱菀婷 JIANG Si-min;JIAO Tian-ao;ZHU Wan-ting(School of Architecture and Arts,North China University of Technology,Beijing 100144,China;②School of Civil Engineering,North China University of Technology,Beijing 100144,China)

机构地区：[1]北方工业大学建筑与艺术学院,北京100144 [2]北方工业大学土木工程学院,北京100144

出　　处：《价值工程》2024年第2期66-68,共3页Value Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFC3002300)。

摘　　要：超高层建筑人员密度大、垂直疏散距离长,应急疏散时极易发生拥挤踩踏事故,研究超高层建筑拥挤踩踏事故内在形成机理有助于提升超高层建筑疏散安全性能。本文在分析超高层建筑特点及人群特点的基础上,采用阶段型机理研究方法,结合人群拥挤踩踏事故风险四阶段理论,深入剖析了超高层建筑拥挤踩踏事故形成机理。最后,从超高层建筑拥挤踩踏机理的人群聚集阶段、滞留阶段、拥挤阶段和踩踏阶段的应急管理出发,提出了相应的应对策略。Due to the high personnel density and long vertical evacuation distance in super high-rise buildings,crowding and stampede accidents are easy to occur during emergency evacuation.Research on the inherent formation mechanism of crowding and stampede accidents in super high-rise buildings is helpful to improve the evacuation safety performance of super high-rise buildings.Based on the analysis of the characteristics of super high-rise buildings and the characteristics of crowds,this paper uses the research method of stage mechanism and combines the risk theory of crowd crowding and stampede accident to deeply analyze the formation mechanism of crowding and stampede accident in super high-rise buildings.Finally,starting from the emergency management of crowd gathering stage,retention stage,crowding stage and stampede stage of the crowding mechanism of super tall buildings,the corresponding coping strategies are put forward.

关 键 词：超高层建筑 拥挤踩踏 形成机理 应急管理 

分 类 号：TU998.1[建筑科学—市政工程]