附球属真菌DT-014对杂草的致病性及生物学特性研究  

Study on herbicidal activity and biological characteristics of Epicoccum strain DT-014

作　　者：朱海霞[1,2,3] ZHU Haixia(Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Qinghai University,Xining,Qinghai 810016,China;Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Control of Agricultural Pests,Xining,Qinghai 810016,China;Xining Crop Pests Science Observation Experimental Station,Ministry of Agriculture,Xining,Qinghai 810016,China)

机构地区：[1]青海大学农林科学院,青海西宁810016 [2]青海省农业有害生物综合治理重点实验室,青海西宁810016 [3]农业部西宁作物有害生物科学观测实验站,青海西宁810016

出　　处：《干旱地区农业研究》2024年第1期237-241,251,共6页Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas

基　　金：青海省科技厅国际合作专项(2023-HZ-808)。

摘　　要：以青海省西宁市大通县鹞子沟自然发病的大刺儿菜叶片中分离出的附球属真菌DT-014为研究对象,通过发酵喷雾法接种测定其对4种盆栽杂草猪秧秧(Galium spurium L.)、藜(Chenopodium album L.)、冬葵(Malva verticillate L. var.crispa)、密花香薷(Elsholtzia densa Benth.)的致病性和5种作物蚕豆(Vicia faba L.)、豌豆(Pisum sativum L.)、青稞(Hordeum vulgare L.)、小麦(Triticum aestivum L.)、油菜(Brassica napus L.)的安全性,并通过单因素试验,以菌落直径和其孢子悬浮液OD600值为测量标准,探究菌株DT-014的最适生长培养基、碳源、氮源、固态发酵基质。结果表明,DT-014对藜(C.album)和猪秧秧(G.spurium)致病力较强,其次为密花香薷(E.densa),对冬葵(M.crispa)致病力最低。DT-014对于小麦(T.aestivum)、蚕豆(P.sativum)、青稞(H.vulgare)、豌豆(P.sativum)相对安全,对油菜(B.napus)有轻微影响。DT-014的最适培养基为蛋白胨培养基,最适碳源为葡萄糖,最适氮源为酵母膏,最适固态发酵基质为大豆粉。Fungus DT-014 of the Epicoccum,which was isolated from the leaves of Cephalanoplos setosum(Witld.)with naturally occurring disease in Yaozigou,Datong County,Xining City,Qinghai Province,was used as the research object.The pathogenicity of the strain DT-014 to 4 potted weeds Galium spurium L.,Chenopodium album L.,Malva verticillate L.var.Crispa,Elsholtzia densa Benth.and the safety of 5 potted crops Vicia faba L.,Pisum sativum L.,Hordeum vulgare L.,Triticum aestivum L.,Brassica napus L.were determined by fermentation spray inoculation.The single factor experiment method was used to explore the optimal growth medium,carbon source,nitrogen source and solid-state fermentation substrate of strain DT-014 by measuring the colony diameter and the OD 600 value of spore suspension.The experimental results showed that DT-014 had strong pathogenicity to G.spurium and C.album,followed by E.densa and low pathogenicity to M.crispa.DT-014 was relatively safe for wheat T.aestivum,broad bean P.sativum,highland barley H.vulgare,and pea P.sativum,and slightly affected B.napus.The optimum medium for DT-014 was peptone medium,the optimum carbon source was glucose,the optimum nitrogen source was yeast extract,and the optimum solid-state fermentation substrate was soybean powder.

关 键 词：微生物除草剂 附球属真菌 杂草致病性 作物安全性 最适培养基 

分 类 号：S482.4[农业科学—农药学]