新发现HIV感染者吸烟对神经认知功能的影响  

The effect of smoking on neurocognitive function among new diagnosed HIV-positive individuals

作　　者：刘云 卢和丽[2] 邹卿[3] 袁也丰[3] LIU Yun;LU Heli;ZOU Qing;YUAN Yefeng(Psychiatric Hospital of Guangzhou Civil Affairs Bureau,Guangzhou 510430,Guangdong,China;Department of Psychosomatic Medicine,the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University,Nanchang 330006,Jiangxi,China;Department of Psychosomatic Medicine,the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University,Nanchang 330006,Jiangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]广州市民政局精神病院,广州510430 [2]南昌大学第二附属医院心身医学科,南昌330006 [3]南昌大学第一附属医院心身医学科,南昌330006

出　　处：《中国艾滋病性病》2023年第12期1309-1312,共4页Chinese Journal of Aids & STD

基　　金：社会组织参与艾滋病防治基金项目(2021-2022360100PYDPLWH025821C);江西省重点研发计划项目(20212BBG73042)。

摘　　要：目的了解新发现HIV感染者吸烟对神经认知功能的影响。方法2020年4月至2021年8月采用方便抽样方法在江西省ART定点医院抽取新发现HIV感染者作为观察组,按照年龄、性别、受教育年限匹配非HIV感染者作为对照组,通过神经心理测验分析新发现HIV感染者吸烟对神经认知功能的影响。结果共纳入研究对象400例,回收有效问卷338份(观察组170例及对照组168例),问卷有效率84.5%。观察组吸烟率高达57.65%(98/170),神经认知功能(信息处理速度、词语学习、视觉学习等3个神经认知领域)差于对照组(t=-7.306,P=0.000;t=-9.714,P=0.000;t=-8.816,P=0.000)。观察组吸烟者在信息处理速度领域得分低于不吸烟者(t=-2.679,P=0.000),在3个神经认知领域得分低于对照组吸烟者(t=-9.798,P=0.000;t=-8.220,P=0.000;t=-6.554,P=0.000)。结论新发现HIV感染者吸烟会加剧其神经认知功能损害并提高HIV传播风险,应尽早接受ART并同时进行控烟干预。Objective To investigate the effect of smoking on the neurocognitive function among new diagnosed HIV-positive individuals.Methods From April 2020 to August 2021,a convenient sampling method was used to select new diagnosed HIV positive individuals from antiviral therapy(ART)designated hospitals in Jiangxi Province as the observation group,while HIV negative individuals matched for age,sex,and education years were selected as the control group.The effect of smoking on the neurocognitive function of newly diagnosed HIV-positive individuals was analyzed using neuropsychological tests.Results A total of 400 cases were included in the study,and 338 valid questionnaires were collected(170 HIV-positive cases in the observation group and 168 HIV-negative cases in the control group),with a questionnaire response rate of 84.5%.In the observation group,the smoking rate was as high as 57.65%(98/170),and neurocognitive functions including information processing speed,verbal learning,and visual learning were inferior to the control group(t=-7.306,P<0.001;t=-9.714,P<0.001;t=-8.816,P<0.001).Smokers in the observation group scored lower in the field of information processing speed than non-smoker(t=-2.679,P<0.001),and lower in three neurocognitive domains than smokers in the control group(t=-9.798,P<0.001;t=-8.220,P<0.001;t=-6.554,P<0.001).Conclusions Smoke can exacerbate their neurocognitive impairment and increase their risk of HIV transmission in new diagnosed HIVpositive individuals.It is necessary to initiate ART as soon as possible and to carry out tobacco control interventions simultaneously.

关 键 词：艾滋病病毒感染者/艾滋病患者 吸烟 神经认知功能 

分 类 号：R373.9[医药卫生—病原生物学] R512.91[医药卫生—基础医学]