112例HIV职业暴露者处理前后焦虑抑郁情况分析  

Anxiety and depression incidence before and after post-exposure prophylaxis among 112 HIV occupationally exposed staff

作　　者：康乐[1] 陈翠芸[1] 师春青[1] 牛新颖[1] 张可[1] KANG Le;CHEN Cuiyun;SHI Chumqing;NIU Xiying;ZHANG Ke(Bejing Youan Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing100069,China)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京佑安医院,北京100069

出　　处：《中国艾滋病性病》2023年第12期1340-1343,共4页Chinese Journal of Aids & STD

摘　　要：目的探讨并分析HIV职业暴露人员特点、处理及焦虑、抑郁情况。方法收集2018-2022年在北京市某艾滋病ART定点医院感染中心门诊就诊的112例职业暴露者的基本信息,分析HIV职业暴露后预防处理前后的焦虑、抑郁情况。结果112例暴露者平均年龄(34±5)岁,其中护理人员96例(85.7%)。暴露途径以针刺伤或划伤为主(68例,60.7%),从暴露到阻断的时间在2 h以内35例(31.3%)。暴露时确证对方HIV感染的98例(87.5%),暴露时明确对方正在接受ART的70例(62.5%)。所有研究对象连续12周跟踪HIV抗体检测均阴性。研究对象在接受HIV职业暴露后预防用药前焦虑、抑郁状况分别占84.8%(95例)和87.5%(98例),经预防用药12周后,焦虑和抑郁状况下降到占42.0%和40.2%。结论HIV职业暴露群体以护理人员为主,及时采用药物阻断方案和心理干预处理后,焦虑和抑郁负面心理状态改善。Objective To explore and analyze the characteristics,interventions,and anxiety-depression situation of HIV occupational exposure staff.Methods General information was collected from 112 HIV occupationally exposed staff who attended to the infection center of a designated hospital for HIV/AIDS antiretroviral treatment(ART)in Bejing from 2018 to 2022.The incidences of anxiety and depression in HIV occupational exposure staff before and after postexposure prophylaxis(PEP)were analyzed.Results The average age of 112 exposed staff was 34±5 years old,of which 96(85.7%)were nursing staff.The primary exposure route was needle puncture or scratch(68 cases,60.7%),and 35 cases(31.3%)were intervened within 2 hours from the time of exposure.98 cases(87.5%)confirmed that their counterparts were infected with HIV at the time of exposure,and 70 cases(62.5%)were aware that their counterparts were receiving ART at the time of exposure.All subjects tested negative for HIV antibodies during the 12-week consecutive follow-up.The incidences of anxiety and depression among HIV occupational exposure staff before PEP were 84.8%(95 cases)and 87.5%(98 cases),respectively.After 12 weeks of PEP,the anxiety and depression incidences decreased to 42.0%and 40.2%,respectively.Conclusions The HIV occupational exposure group was mainly nursing staff.Timely interventions with PEP and psychological support can alleviate the negative psychological condition of anxiety and depression.

关 键 词：职业暴露 暴露后预防 艾滋病病毒 焦虑 抑郁 

分 类 号：R373.9[医药卫生—病原生物学]