不同成熟期玉米秸秆特性分析及利用潜力评价  

CHARACTERISTIC ANALYSIS AND UTILIZATION POTENTIAL EVALUATION OF CORN STALK AT DIFFERENT MATURITY STAGES

作　　者：傅国浩 霍丽丽 姚宗路 赵立欣[1,2,3] 贾吉秀 谢腾 Fu Guohao;Huo Lili;Yao Zonglu;Zhao Lixin;Jia Jixiu;Xie Teng(Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China;Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Center for Carbon Neutrality in Agriculture and Rural Region,Beijing 100081,China;Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Green Agriculture in North China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs P.R.China,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所,北京100081 [2]中国农业科学院农业农村碳达峰碳中和研究中心,北京100081 [3]农业农村部华北平原农业绿色低碳重点实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《太阳能学报》2023年第12期358-365,共8页Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica

基　　金：中国农业科学院科技创新工程;财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系资助(CARS-02)。

摘　　要：为深入探究不同成熟期玉米秸秆组成特性之间的关联性以及生长时间对不同秸秆资源化利用潜力的影响,以3个不同成熟期,生长时间分别为110~116、116~122、122~132 d的玉米秸秆为原料,系统分析14个指标特性(纤维素、半纤维素、木质素、可溶性糖、粗蛋白、C、H、O、N、S、灰分、挥发分、固定碳、低位发热量),采用主成分分析法对3种利用路径进行综合评价。结果表明,在玉米植株生长时间为110~132 d的整个成熟阶段,秸秆的纤维素、半纤维素和低位发热量显著升高,升幅分别为7.6%、14.0%和2.8%,粗蛋白、可溶性糖、N、S和固定碳显著降低,降幅分别为19.8%、96.7%、18.9%、73.8%和3.1%,木质素、C、H、O、挥发分和灰分无显著差异;玉米秸秆利用潜力综合评价结果表明玉米秸秆营养养分利用适宜采收时期为乳熟期,生物化学转化利用适宜采收时期为蜡熟期,燃烧利用适宜采收时期为完熟期。Physical and chemical Characteristics of corn stalk are different in different growth period,which affect the potential of its resource utilization directly.To find out the influence of the composition characteristics of corn stalk at different maturity stages and the growth days on different corn stalk resource utilization potential,corn stalks at three different maturity stages with growth times of 110-116,116-122 and 122-132 days were used as raw materials to systematically analyze the characteristics of 14 indexes(cellulose,hemicellulose,lignin,soluble sugar,crude protein,C,H,O,N,S,ash,volatile matter,fixed carbon and low calorific value).The principal component analysis method was used to evaluate the three utilization paths.The results show that cellulose,hemicellulose and lower heating value increases significantly by 7.6%,14.0%and 2.8%,respectively,during the whole maturity stage from 110-132 growth days.On the contrary,the crude protein,water-soluble Carbohydrates,N,S,and fixed carbon significantly reduces by 19.8%,96.7%,18.9%,73.8%and 3.1%,respectively.Interestingly,there is no significant difference in lignin,C,H,O,volatile matter,and ash content.The comprehensive evaluation results of corn stalk utilization potential show that it is suitable for corn straw nutrient utilization during the milky stage,it is beneficial to biochemical conversion and utilization in the full dough stage,and it is good for fuel utilization in the ripe stage.it was beneficial to biochemical conversion and utilization in the full dough stage,and it was good for fuel utilization in the ripe stage.

关 键 词：生物质 秸秆 成熟期 资源化利用 主成分分析 综合评价 

分 类 号：TK6[动力工程及工程热物理—生物能]