陡倾角单斜地层地震勘探观测系统设计及其应用  

Design and application of seismic exploration observation system for steep dip and monoclinal strata

作　　者：薛海军 李亮 汶小岗 吴大林 徐换霞 XUE Haijun;LI Liang;WEN Xiaogang;WU Dalin;XU Huanxia(Shaanxi Coalfield Geophysical Surveying and Mapping Co.,Ltd.,Xi’an 710005,China;Key Laboratory of Coal Exploration and Comprehensive Utilization,Ministry of Land and Resources,Xi’an 710026,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西省煤田物探测绘有限公司,陕西西安710005 [2]自然资源部煤炭资源勘查与综合利用重点实验室,陕西西安710026

出　　处：《陕西煤炭》2024年第2期22-26,38,共6页Shaanxi Coal

摘　　要：我国西部地区煤层倾角大于30°的煤炭资源相当可观。为了提高陡倾角煤田地震勘探采集资料品质,通过研究分析倾斜地层地震反射波时距曲线特征,建立陡倾角单斜地质模型并进行3种不同观测系统(中点放炮、下倾方向放炮上倾方向接收和上倾方向放炮下倾方向接收)设计,同时采用射线追踪方法进行地震波场正演模拟。通过对比分析3种不同观测系统对应地震波场和叠加时间剖面特征,总结出适合陡倾角单斜地层地震勘探观测系统设计方法。将适合陡倾斜地层的地震勘探观测系统设计方法应用到实际地震勘探资料采集工作中,取得了较为理想的地震资料。The coal resources with the dip angle of greater than 30 degrees in the western region of China are quite considerable.In order to improve the quality of seismic exploration and acquisition data in steep dip coal fields,we study and analyze the time-distance curve characteristics of seismic reflection waves in inclined strata,and establish a steep dip monoclinic geological model to design three different observation systems(midpoint shooting,lower-dip direction shooting,upper-dip direction receiving,and upper-dip direction shooting,lower-dip direction receiving).At the same time,the ray tracing method is used for seismic wave field forward simulation.By comparing and analyzing the seismic wave field and superposition time profile characteristics for three different observation systems,a design method suitable for seismic exploration observation systems in steep dip monoclinic strata is summarized.The design method of seismic exploration observation system suitable for steep inclined strata has been applied to practical seismic exploration data acquisition work,achieving ideal seismic data.

关 键 词：地震勘探 陡倾角 单斜地层 观测系统 反射波时距曲线 

分 类 号：P631.4[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]