浅埋近距煤层群开采覆岩三带发育特征分析  

Development characteristics of three overburden zones inmining of shallow and close spaced coal seams

作　　者：霍军鹏 卢少帅 雷鹏翔 HUO Junpeng;LU Shaoshuai;LEI Pengxiang(Shaanxi Shanbei Mining Hanjiawan Coal Co.,Ltd.,Yulin 719315,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西陕北矿业韩家湾煤炭有限公司,陕西榆林719315

出　　处：《陕西煤炭》2024年第2期39-43,共5页Shaanxi Coal

摘　　要：研究浅埋近距离煤层群开采的覆岩三带规律对于指导矿井下行安全开采有着至关重要的作用。为了研究上、下煤层开采过程中覆岩层的破坏规律,根据韩家湾煤矿现场实际情况,通过物理相似模拟实验研究浅埋近距离煤层过上层煤的采空区时上覆岩层结构失稳特征。研究浅埋近距离煤层群条件下开采4-2煤层后的覆岩移动变形规律、裂隙发育规律、矿压变化规律及其随工作面推进的变化情况及地表岩层的运移规律,发现浅埋近距离煤层下组煤层回采过程中,上覆岩层下沉量呈现三阶段变化,即下沉量上升阶段、下沉量恒定不变阶段、下沉量减小阶段。距离下组煤层越近,覆岩下沉量越大,距离下组煤层越远,覆岩下沉量越小。明确覆岩三带发育特征,能够为浅埋近距离煤层群开采水害防治提供依据,为榆神府矿区类似重复采动时工作面的安全回采提供指导和借鉴。The three zone rule of overburden in the mining of shallow and close-distance coal seams plays an important role in guiding the safe mining of the mine.In order to study the damage rule of overburden in the mining process of upper and lower coal seams,according to the actual situation of Hanjiawan Coal Mine,the instability mechanism of overburden structure when the shallow and close-distance coal seams pass through the goaf of the upper coal seam is studied through physical similarity simulation experiments.We study the movement and deformation law of overburden and its fracture development law,mine pressure changing law,and change of the advance of the working face,as well as the movement law of surface rock strata after mining 4-2 coal seam under conditions of shallow buried and close-distance coal seam.We have found that during the mining of the lower coal seam of shallow and close-distance coal seam,the change in the subsidence of overlying rock has three stages,that is,the rising stage of subsidence,constantly unchanged stage of subsidence,and decreasing stage of subsidence.The closer the lower coal seam,the greater the overlying subsidence;the more faraway from the lower coal seam,the smaller the overlying subsidence.The study provides a basis for the prevention and control of water disasters in the mining of shallow buried and close-distance coal seams.It is of guidance and reference for the safe mining of similar repeated mining faces in Yushenfu mining area.

关 键 词：浅埋煤层群 重复采动 岩层失稳 三带高度 相似模拟 

分 类 号：TD823[矿业工程—煤矿开采]