尿液水解预处理后用于蔬菜水培的效果与风险  

Performance and Risk of Hydrolyzed Urine for Hydroponic Vegetable Cultivation

作　　者：杨皓元 杜子文 张立秋[1] YANG Hao‑yuan;DU Zi‑wen;ZHANG Li‑qiu(College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学环境科学与工程学院,北京100083

出　　处：《中国给水排水》2024年第1期110-115,共6页China Water & Wastewater

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFC3207703)。

摘　　要：近年来,源分离尿液的回收利用已成为国内外研究热点,而以往的研究主要集中于营养物质的回收方面,对直接进行资源化利用的研究相对较少。基于此,针对尿液用于植物水培的前处理和应用效果进行了分析,并对尿液用于水培植物时的药物残留风险进行了讨论。结果表明,外加脲酶在发酵时能够加快尿液的水解,尿液水解后pH上升至9左右,氨氮浓度上升至8000 mg/L左右。新鲜尿液在50℃、外加10 mg/L脲酶的条件下水解效果最好,可在2 d内完成水解过程。经过水解的尿液作为液体肥应用于水培空心菜的效果良好,其中当水解尿液稀释比例为1∶500时肥效最好,对水环境的影响也较小,同时空心菜对外加药物的吸收量很小,潜在风险极低。The recycle and reuse of source‑separated urine has drawn great attention around the world recently.However,the previous studies mainly focused on the recovery of nutrients,and there are relatively few studies related to direct utilization of urine.In this study,the effects of urine pretreatment on the growth of hydroponic plants were investigated,and the risk of residual medicine in urine used for hydroponic plant growth was discussed.The addition of urease accelerated the hydrolysis of urine during fermentation.The pH of the hydrolyzed urine rose to approximately 9,and the ammonia nitrogen increased to approximately 8000 mg/L.The best hydrolysis performance of fresh urine was obtained when the temperature was 50℃and the dosage of urease was 10 mg/L,and the hydrolysis process was completed within 2 days.The hydrolyzed urine used as liquid fertilizer for hydroponic water spinach growth showed good performances.Among them,the performance of fertilizer was the best when the dilution ratio of hydrolyzed urine was 1∶500,and there was little impact on the water environment.In addition,water spinach had little absorptive capacity to the added medicine,thus showing extremely low potential risk.

关 键 词：尿液 水解 水培 肥效评价 风险分析 

分 类 号：TU992[建筑科学—市政工程]