国内首例代孕子女监护权案中对代孕子女“母亲”的审判解释——基于多种法律方法的教学视角  

Judicial interpretation of surrogate childs"mother"in the first domestic surrogate child custody case Based on the teaching perspective of multiple legal methods

作　　者：费小兵 朱慧敏 Fei Xiaobing;Zhu Huimin(School of Cyberspace Security and information law,Chongqing University of Posts and telecommunications,Chongqing400065,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆邮电大学网络空间安全与信息法学院,重庆400065

出　　处：《中国卫生法制》2024年第1期26-31,116,共7页China Health Law

基　　金：重庆市高等教育教学改革研究项目“线上+社会调研教学模式融入《法律方法论》课程探索与实践”(213149);重庆市高等教育教学改革研究重点项目“高等学校课程思政院级实施机制研究”(212057);重庆市人文社会科学基地项目“信息法哲学的元理论及其主要原则”(2018skjd04)。

摘　　要：通过基于融汇各种法律解释方法的教学视角研究国内首例代孕所致监护权案:通过采访发现,面对法律空白,国内首例代孕子女监护权案中两审法官对三段论的审判思维不同,一审法官强调保守、压力、不敢突破,二审法官敢在压力、保守中突破三段论;一审法官坚守传统道德、血缘伦理,二审法官坚持尊重隐私的现代道德,导致判决不同。二审认为代孕不合法,以法益衡量和价值判断为方法将孩子改判给“继母”监护。该案呈现出:当应然正义未有定论时,法官的实然正义可能是最好的权宜。该案启迪是,可扩大法官的自由裁量权,以之创新实现中华法系“律例结合”的新形式,使法官像中医般把脉和严密论证,才利于实现更大化的公正。这种教学案例的目标是培养“脚踏地气+志向高远型”的人才,既培养懂得法教义学的逻辑思辨能力,又培养社科法学范式关注社会现实的能力。Through the teaching perspective of integrating various legal interpretation methods,authors studied the first custody case caused by surrogacy in China.Through the interview,it is found that in the first custody case of surrogacy in China,the judges of the two trials have different thinking on the judgment of syllogism in the face of the legal blank.The first instance judge stressed that conservative,pressure,dare not break through;Judges of second instance dare break through syl-logism in pressure and conservatism.The judge of the first instance sticks to traditional ethics and consanguineous ethics;Jud-ges of second instance adhere to the modern morality of respecting privacy.So that their sentences were different."Political correctness"is also emphasized in the second instance,and consider that surrogacy is illegal,and based on the value judgment and other methods,through the expansion to explain the common sense of the"Step parents",which decision the children changed to Chen Yan.This case demonstrates when perfect justice ought to be inconclusive,the judge's real justice is the best expedient.The Enlightenment of the case is that the discretion of judges can be expanded,and the new form of"combination of laws and regulations"in Chinese legal system can be innovated,so that the judges can feel the pulse and make strict argu-mentation like Traditional Chinese Medicine,which is conducive to the realization of greater justice.The goal of this teaching content is to cultivate"down-to-earth and ambitious"talents,not only to train the logical thinking ability to understand the doctrine of law,but also to train the ability of social science law paradigm to pay attention to the social reality.

关 键 词：教学改革 自由裁量权 法益衡量 三段论 律例结合 

分 类 号：D902[政治法律—法学理论]