粤北红壤丘陵区不同土地利用方式下土壤大孔隙与水分入渗特征研究  

Characteristics of Soil Macropore and Water Infiltration under Different Land Use in Hilly Red Soil Region of Northern Guangdong

作　　者：吕德鹏 张思毅 贺斌 张志华[1] LV De-peng;ZHANG Si-yi;HE Bin;ZHANG Zhi-hua(College of Forestry,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450002,China;National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China,Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management,Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences,Guangdong Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510650,China)

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学林学院,河南郑州450002 [2]广东省科学院生态环境与土壤研究所,华南土壤污染控制与修复国家地方联合工程研究中心,广东省农业环境综合治理重点实验室,广东广州510650

出　　处：《土壤通报》2023年第6期1290-1298,共9页Chinese Journal of Soil Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41977010,41807174);广东省科技计划项目(2019B121201004,2019A1515010628);广东省科学院发展专项资金项目(2020GDASYL-20200301003,2020GDASYL-20200102013)资助。

摘　　要：【目的】土壤大孔隙是土壤水气迁移交换的主要通道,研究土壤大孔隙与水分入渗特征对探究水文连通时空变化强烈的山丘区坡地有重要意义,可为红壤丘陵区土地高效利用提供参考。【方法】研究通过电子计算机断层扫描技术和双水头渗透计法,定量研究了粤北红壤丘陵区不同土地利用方式土壤大孔隙与水分入渗特征。【结果】不同土地利用方式的土壤理化性质存在明显差异。林地为砂质黏壤土,园地为黏土,耕地为黏壤土,土壤容重随着土层深度的增加而变大,土壤有机质含量随土层深度的增加而减小。土壤大孔隙度、大孔隙总体积和总表面积表现为:林地>园地>耕地,大孔隙数量则表现为:园地>林地>耕地,随着土层深度的增加,土壤大孔隙度和大孔隙数量呈减少趋势;土壤大孔隙平均直径表现为:林地>耕地>园地,不同土地利用方式的土壤大孔隙直径都主要集中在0~3 mm。土壤大孔隙度与土壤容重呈显著负相关,与有机质和砂粒含量呈显著正相关性。土壤饱和导水率表现为:园地>林地>耕地,土壤饱和导水率除受容重影响外,还与有机质含量、大孔隙长度相关。【结论】不同土地利用方式会使大孔隙和饱和导水率等土壤理化性质产生显著差异。林地的大孔隙度和大孔隙总表面积最大,而园地的大孔隙数量和饱和导水率最大。[Objective]Soil macropores are the main channels for soil water and gas migration and exchange.The study on soil macropores and water infiltration is of great significance for exploring the slopes of hilly area with strong spatial and temporal changes in hydrological connectivity,which can provide reference for efficient use of land in the red soil hilly areas.[Method]In this study,the characteristics of soil macropores and water infiltration of typical land use types on different slope positions in the hilly red soil region of northern Guangdong were quantitatively studied by computerized tomography scanning technique and double-headed infilometer method.[Result]There are significant differences in soil physicochemical properties for different land use types.The soil bulk density became larger with the increase of soil depth,while the soil organic matter content decreased with the increase of soil depth.Macroporosity,total volume and total surface area of macropores were as follows:forest>orchard>farmland,and the number of macropore was as follows:orchard>forest>farmland,and the number of macropore decreased with the increase of soil depth.The average diameter of macropore was as follows:forest>farmland>orchard,and the macropore diameters in different land use types were mainly 0~3 mm.The macroporosity was significantly negatively correlated with soil density,and positively correlated with organic matter and sand content.Soil saturated hydraulic conductivity was as follows:orchard>forest>farmland,and soil saturated hydraulic conductivity was influenced by capacity,but also correlated with organic matter content and macropore length.[Conclusion]The changes in land use types resulted in significant variabilities in soil physicochemical properties such as macroporosity and saturated hydraulic conductivity.The maximum macroporosity and total macroporous surface area were found in forest,while the maximum number of macropore and saturated hydraulic conductivity were found in orchard.

关 键 词：红壤丘陵区 土壤大孔隙 饱和导水率 CT扫描 

分 类 号：S152[农业科学—土壤学]