废旧塑料再生基地农田土壤重金属污染特征及风险评价  

Heavy Metal Pollution Characteristics and Risk Assessment in Farmland Soil in Waste Plastic Recycling Base

作　　者：郭银苹 隋鹤[1] 王梦超 周震峰[1,3] GUO Yin-ping;SUI He;WANG Meng-chao;ZHOU Zhen-feng(College of Resources&Environment,Qingdao Agricultural University,Qingdao 266109,China;College of Ecology&Environment,Inner Mongolia University,Hohhot 010021,China;Qingdao Research Center of Rural Environmental Engineering,Qingdao 266109,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛农业大学资源与环境学院,山东青岛266109 [2]内蒙古大学生态与环境学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010021 [3]青岛市农村环境工程研究中心,山东青岛266109

出　　处：《土壤通报》2023年第6期1447-1456,共10页Chinese Journal of Soil Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41201507);山东省大学生创新创业训练计划项目(No.S202110435094)资助。

摘　　要：【目的】为探明传统废旧塑料再生行业对土壤环境的影响,本研究对莱州市沙河镇废旧塑料再生基地农田土壤中5种重金属的含量进行了检测分析。【方法】采用内梅罗综合污染指数、潜在生态风险指数法和健康风险评价方法对农田土壤重金属的潜在风险进行了分析。【结果】基地农田土壤中镉(Cd)、铬(Cr)、铜(Cu)、铅(Pb)和锌(Zn)的平均含量分别为0.26 mg kg^(-1)、97.63 mg kg^(-1)、48.90 mg kg^(-1)、52.41 mg kg^(-1)、107.24 mg kg^(-1),均超过烟台市土壤元素背景值。依据《土壤环境质量农用地土壤污染风险管控标准(试行)》,Cd、Cu和Pb的超标率分别为10%、40%和5%。在空间分布上,Cd、Cr、Cu和Zn在基地内部与周边农田土壤中的含量无显著差异,但Pb在基地内部农田土壤中的含量显著高于其距基地4 km外的土壤中含量(P<0.05)。内梅罗综合污染指数评价表明基地中15%的采样点土壤处于轻污染等级。潜在生态风险评价表明,Cd的单因子污染生态风险为中等生态风险,综合潜在生态风险处于轻微风险水平。健康风险评价表明,仅Cd对儿童存在潜在的致癌风险,其余重金属对成人与儿童的致癌和非致癌风险均处于可接受水平。【结论】该基地农田土壤中Cd、Cr、Cu、Pb和Zn污染较轻,农田土壤中Pb的累积可能与基地原有的废旧塑料再生企业的生产经营活动有关。土壤重金属造成的潜在生态风险总体较低,但Cd存在一定的生态风险且对儿童有潜在的致癌风险,需要引起关注。[Objective]The aims were to explore the impact of the traditional waste plastics recycling industry on the soil environment.[Method]The contents of five heavy metals in the waste plastics recycling base and surrounding farmland in Shahe Town,Laizhou City was detected and analyzed.The assessment method of Nemerow composite pollution index,potential ecological risk index and health risk assessment were used to analyze the potential risk of heavy metals in the farmland soil.[Result]The average contents of Cd,Cr,Cu,Pb and Zn in farmland soil were 0.26 mg kg^(-1),97.63 mg kg^(-1),48.90 mg kg^(-1),52.41 mg kg^(-1) and 107.24 mg kg^(-1),respectively,which exceeded the soil element's background value in Yantai.According to the Soil Environmental Quality Risk Control Standard for Soil Contamination of Agricultural Land(Trial),the over standard rates on Cd,Cu and Pb were 10%,40% and 5%,respectively.In terms of spatial distribution,there was no significant difference between the contents of Cd,Cr,Cu and Zn in the soil of the base and the surrounding farmland.But the content of Pb in the soil of the farmland inside the site was significantly higher than that in the soil 4 km away from the site(P<0.05).The Nemerow composite pollution index evaluation showed that 15% of sampling points at the site were at the light pollution level.The potential ecological risk assessment showed that the ecological risk of single-factor pollution of the Cd was medium ecological risk,and the comprehensive potential ecological risk was at the level of slight risk.The health risk assessment showed that only Cd had potential carcinogenic risk to children,and the other heavy metals had an acceptable level of carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk in both adults and children.[Conclusion]The pollution of Cd,Cr,Cu,Pb and Zn in the farmland soil of the base was relatively light.The accumulation of Pb in farmland soil may be related to the production and operation activities of the original waste plastic recycling enterprise of the base.The potential eco

关 键 词：废旧塑料再生基地 土壤 重金属 生态风险评价 健康风险评价 

分 类 号：X82[环境科学与工程—环境工程]