塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地晴天与沙尘暴天气大气边界层对比分析  

Comparative Analysis of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Between Sunny Days and Sandstorm Weather in the Hinterland of the Taklimakan Desert

作　　者：张建涛[1,2,3,4] 王敏仲 何清[5] 王延慧 潘红林 张志新 ZHANG Jiantao;WANG Minzhong;HE Qing;WANG Yanhui;PAN Honglin;ZHANG Zhixin(Institute of Desert Meteorology,China Meteorological Administration,Urumqi 830002,China;National Observation and Research Station of Desert Meteorology,Taklimakan Desert of Xinjiang,Urumqi 830002,China;Taklimakan Desert Meteorology Field Experiment Station of China Meteorological Administration,Urumqi 830002,China;Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Desert Meteorology and Sandstorm,Urumqi,830002,China;Xinjiang Meteorological Bureau,Urumqi 830002,China;Meteorological Disaster Prevention Technology Center of Xinjiang,Urumqi 830002,China;Xinjiang Branch of China Three Gorgeous Renewables(Group)Co.,Ltd.,Urumqi 830002,China)

机构地区：[1]中国气象局乌鲁木齐沙漠气象研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830002 [2]新疆塔克拉玛干沙漠气象国家野外科学观测研究站,新疆乌鲁木齐830002 [3]中国气象局塔克拉玛干沙漠气象野外科学试验基地,新疆乌鲁木齐830002 [4]新疆沙漠气象与沙尘暴重点实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830002 [5]新疆气象局,新疆乌鲁木齐830002 [6]新疆气象灾害防御技术中心,新疆乌鲁木齐830002 [7]中国三峡新能源(集团)股份有限公司新疆分公司,新疆乌鲁木齐830000

出　　处：《沙漠与绿洲气象》2024年第1期50-58,共9页Desert and Oasis Meteorology

基　　金：中国沙漠气象科学研究基金(Sqj2019001);新疆维吾尔自治区杰出青年科学基金项目(2022D01E07);国家自然科学基金(42030612);科技创新团队(天山创新团队)项目(2022TSYCTD0007)。

摘　　要：根据2017、2019年7月塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地GPS探空和地面观测数据,利用位温廓线法等方法,对比分析了沙漠腹地夏季晴天和沙尘暴天气大气边界层结构变化特征。结果表明:晴天和沙尘暴天气大气边界层结构特征显著不同。晴天大气边界层各气象要素垂直分布较为均一,白天对流边界层深厚,高度接近5 km,夜间稳定边界层一般在500 m左右。沙尘暴天气边界层内位温和比湿垂直变化较小,风速较大,可达24.0 m/s,其白天对流边界层在1.5 km左右,夜间稳定边界层在1 km左右。晴天辐射强烈,地表升温迅速,湍流旺盛,是形成晴天深厚对流边界层的主要因素。大尺度天气系统冷平流的动力条件,以及云和沙尘减弱了到达地表的辐射强度是形成沙尘暴天气独特的大气边界层结构的主要因素。Based on GPS sounding and ground observation data from July 2017 and 2019 in the hinterland of the Taklimakan Desert,the characteristics of atmospheric boundary layer structure changes during summer sunny days and sandstorms in the desert hinterland were compared and analyzed by using methods such as potential temperature profile.The results indicate that there are significant differences in the structural characteristics of the atmospheric boundary layer between sunny days and sandstorms.On sunny days,the vertical distribution of various meteorological elements in the atmospheric boundary layer is relatively uniform.During the day,the convective boundary layer is deep,with a height of nearly 5000 m,and the stable boundary layer is generally around 500 m at night.During sandstorms,the vertical variation of potential temperature and specific humidity in the boundary layer is relatively small,with a high wind speed of up to 24.0 m/s.The convective boundary layer during the day is around 1500 m,and the stable boundary layer at night is around 1000 m.The strong radiation on sunny days,rapid surface warming,and strong turbulence are the main factors that form the deep convective boundary layer on sunny days.The dynamic conditions of cold advection in large-scale weather systems,as well as the weakening of radiation intensity reaching the surface by clouds and dust,are the main factors contributing to the unique atmospheric boundary layer structure of sandstorm weather.

关 键 词：大气边界层 沙尘暴 陆面过程 塔克拉玛干沙漠 

分 类 号：P421.31[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]