拜登政府对华出口管制主题态势解析及应对策略  

An Analysis of the Theme Evolution of the Biden Administration's ExportControls to China and China's Countermeasures

作　　者：张潇 苏楠[1] 陈志[1] 王治喃 Zhang Xiao;Su Nan;Chen Zhi;Wang Zhinan(China Academy of Science and Technology for Development,Beijing 100038)

机构地区：[1]中国科学技术发展战略研究院,北京100038

出　　处：《中国科技论坛》2024年第1期168-177,共10页Forum on Science and Technology in China

基　　金：中国博士后科学基金面上资助项目“中国式现代化框架下产业链供应链韧性提升和安全体系构建研究”(2023M733430)。

摘　　要：2022年10月,拜登政府发布任内第一份《国家安全战略》报告,明确以应对中国挑战为目标,使用“综合威慑法”得以从战略上“竞赢”美国的地缘经济和政治竞争对手——中国,出口管制是美国政府实现这一目标至关重要的撒手锏。本文采用2021—2022年拜登政府的官方文件等开源资料,运用社会网络和文本聚类的分析方法,系统解析拜登总统任内对华出口管制的焦点主题。研究表明:“科技”“军事”“供应链”“新疆”是拜登政府对华出口管制的关注重点,且热度交替演进。拜登政府基本延续了特朗普时期的出口管制政策,并在此基础上重视出口管制与其他制裁工具间的联动,进一步强化联合其他国家构筑“去中化”的高技术联盟。In October 2022,the Biden administration released the first report“National Security Strategy”,clearly aiming to meet China’s challenges and using the“Comprehensive Deterrence Law”to strategically“Compete”against China,the US’s Geo-political and economic competitor.Export controls are crucial tools for the US government to achieve this goal.This article uses open-source materials,such as the official documents of the Biden administration from 2021 to 2022,through quantitative analytical methods,such as social network analysis and text mining method,to systematically analyze the overall situation of Biden administration s export controls against China.The results show that“Technology”,“military”,“supply chain”,and“Xinjiang”are the focus of the Biden administration’s export control over China,and evolve alternately over time.The Biden administration has almost continued the export control policies from the Trump administration.Besides,the Biden administration also attaches importance to the linkage between export controls and other sanction tools,further strengthening the alliance with other countries to build a“de-China”high-tech industry supply chain alliance.

关 键 词：拜登政府 出口管制 技术联盟 高技术 

分 类 号：F171.2[经济管理—世界经济] D771.2[政治法律—政治学]