日本的安保理念、双重身份与北极参与的战略选择  

Japan’s Security Ideas,Double Identities and Arctic Strategic Choices

作　　者：宋宁而[1] SONG Ning’er(Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,China)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学,山东青岛266100

出　　处：《太平洋学报》2023年第12期83-95,共13页Pacific Journal

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“日本海洋战略的‘联盟化’态势及其影响研究”(23BGJ048)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：日本《海洋基本计划》的“综合海洋安全保障”理念赋予了日本“海洋国家”与“近北极国家”的双重身份,混淆了未来可期的北极利益与当前周边海域的海洋利益。日本海洋政策的知识系统将全面渗入北极战略,其北极航道政策将更强调传统海洋安全,美日同盟在日本北极战略中的地位将进一步凸显,中日韩等北极域外国家的合作不确定性正在增加。虽然共同的身份与相似的利益仍将促使中日两国推进北极合作,但日本所实施的海洋战略同样有可能制造敌对观念,阻碍北极合作的进程。第四期《海洋基本计划》提出了海洋政策的“横向串联”战略,日本参与北极事务的战略选择将愈加受到来自本国制度与规范的自我限定。Summary:Since the Second Basic Plan on Ocean Policy of Japan was established in 2013,the Japanese government has started to bring its Arctic strategy into the ocean strategy.The Japan’s Arctic Policy was es⁃tablished in 2015.Then the Third Basic Plan on Ocean Policy established in 2018 listed the Arctic policy as its basic policy formally and made an independent chapter.The Forth Basic Plan on Ocean Policy estab⁃lished in 2023 carried out the transverse strategy in all fields of ocean policy including Arctic policy,which means the Japan’s ocean strategy has increasing influence on its Arctic strategy.The idea of the Comprehensive Maritime Security in the Basic Plan on the Ocean Policy of Japan is a security idea with hostility to surrounding countries.The Japanese government constructed a system to man⁃age the threats and dangers and established the idea to raise substantial influence on Japan’s Arctic strate⁃gy.The idea gives this country double identities of the Ocean State and the Near Arctic Countries,confusing the Arctic interests and maritime interests in surrounding sea areas.Therefore,the Japan’s Arctic strategy internalizes the expert system of maritime policy,and the Ja⁃pan’s Arctic shipping policy mainly focuses on traditional security.The US-Japan alliance participates more actively in Japan’s Arctic business,while the Japan’s cooperation with other non-Arctic countries such as China and Republic of Korea remains uncertainty.While the common identity and interest keeps China and Japan to cooperate with each other,the Japan’s strategy holds hostility and thus limits the coop⁃eration.The idea of Comprehensive Maritime Security and the double identities of the Ocean State and the Near Arctic Countries have raised the Japan’s Arctic strategy to be more self-restricted by its regulations and norms.

关 键 词：“综合海洋安全保障” 日本《海洋基本计划》 北极战略 海洋战略 

分 类 号：D83[政治法律—政治学] D87[政治法律—外交学]