低氧运动对肥胖成人身体成分和胰岛素抵抗影响的Meta分析  

Effects of Hypoxic Exercise on Body Composition and Insulin Resistance in Obese Adults:A Meta-analysis

作　　者：王盼 赵华[2] 张传勇[1] WANG Pan;ZHAO Hua;ZHANG Chuanyong(Wuhan University of Bioengineering,Wuhan Hubei,430415;School of Physical Education and Sports,Central China Normal University,Wuhan Hubei,430079)

机构地区：[1]武汉生物工程学院体育学院,湖北武汉430415 [2]华中师范大学体育学院,湖北武汉430079

出　　处：《湖北体育科技》2024年第1期52-59,共8页Hubei Sports Science

基　　金：湖北省科技攻关计划(2021484)。

摘　　要：目的运用Meta分析定量评价低氧运动对肥胖成人身体成分和胰岛素抵抗的干预效果。方法在中英文数据库中检索低氧运动与肥胖相关的随机对照试验,并运用Stata14.0进行数据分析。结果研究共纳入24篇文献、548名受试者。Meta分析结果,相对于常氧运动,低氧运动对减轻肥胖者的体重(WMD=-1.60,p<0.05)、降低体脂率(WMD=-1.21,p<0.01)具有显著优势。低氧运动对胰岛素抵抗(ES=-0.22)、空腹胰岛素(WMD=-0.24)和HbA1c(WMD=-0.27)的改善效果达到小效应量,对改善空腹血糖(WMD=-0.03)无明显差异。调节变量结果,在1500~3500 m进行运动对改善体重、体脂率效果最明显(WMD=-1.60,p<0.05;WMD=-1.21,p<0.01)。≥4周运动对改善体重、体脂率效果最明显(WMD=-1.90,p<0.05;WMD=-1.31,p<0.01)。每周≥300 h对改善体重、体脂率效果最明显(WMD=-1.92,p<0.05;WMD=-1.41,p<0.01)。结论低氧运动可以改善肥胖者的身体成分。在1800~3500 m海拔高度的低氧环境中进行锻炼,达到4周,每周至少300 h对改善肥胖者身体成分的效果显著。Objective To quantitatively evaluate the efficacy of hypoxic exercise on body composition and insulin resistance in obese adults through Meta-analysis.Methods Randomized controlled trials related to hypoxic exercise and obesity were searched in Chinese and English databases,and Stata14.0 was used for data analysis.Results A total of 24 documents and 548 subjects were included in the study.Meta-analysis results show that compared with normoxic exercise,hypoxic exercise has significant advantages in reducing the weight of obese people(WMD=-1.60,p<0.05)and reducing body fat rate(WMD=-1.21,p<0.01).Hypoxic exercise has a small effect size on improving insulin resistance(ES=-0.22),fasting insulin(WMD=-0.24)and HbA1c(WMD=-0.27),and no significant difference in improving fasting blood glucose(WMD=-0.03).Adjusting variable results,that exercise between 1,500 and 3,500 m has the most obvious effect on improving body weight and body fat rate(WMD=-1.60,p<0.05;WMD=-1.21,p<0.01).Above≥4 weeks of exercise has the most obvious effect on improving body weight and body fat rate(WMD=-1.90,p<0.05;WMD=-1.31,p<0.01).Above≥300 hours per week has the most obvious effect on improving body weight and body fat rate(WMD=-1.92,p<0.05;WMD=-1.41,p<0.01).Conclusion Hypoxic exercise can significantly improve body composition in obese individuals.Exercising at a plateau of 1,800~3,500 m or hypoxic environment at the same altitude,at least 4 weeks and at least 300 hours per week,has the best effect on improving the body composition of obese people.

关 键 词：低氧运动 肥胖 胰岛素抵抗 身体成分 META分析 

分 类 号：G804.2[文化科学—运动人体科学]