机构地区:[1]甘肃农业大学园艺学院,兰州730070 [2]甘肃省葡萄酒产业技术研发中心,兰州730070
出 处:《果树学报》2024年第1期76-88,共13页Journal of Fruit Science
基 金:甘肃省科技计划项目(21CX6NA080);甘肃省科技重大专项(18ZD2NA006-4)。
摘 要:【目的】探究调环酸钙(Pro-Ca)对葡萄光合作用、抗氧化特性和果实品质的影响机制,筛选出可应用于葡萄实践生产的Pro-Ca适宜处理方法。【方法】以11年生酿酒葡萄霞多丽为试材,于初花后22、42、62和82d分别用200(T1)、400(T2)、600(T3)和800 mg·L^(-1)(T4)的Pro-Ca溶液进行叶面喷施,以喷施蒸馏水作为对照(CK),测定初花后25、45、65、85和105 d(成熟期)叶片光合色素含量、叶绿素荧光参数、光合参数、保护酶活性和成熟期果实品质相关指标。【结果】Pro-Ca处理可以增强霞多丽葡萄叶片光合色素含量,提高净光合速率(Pn),降低活性氧的积累量,并提高果实品质,其中,各时期T3处理叶绿素a(Chla)、叶绿素b(Chlb)含量和Pn平均较对照分别提高了19.63%、16.67%和20.13%,且T3处理在初花后45 d时显著降低了过氧化氢(H2O_(2))含量,初花后65和85 d使超氧阴离子(O_(2)-)产生速率分别降低了34.42%和24.98%。此外,Pro-Ca处理增加了果实可溶性固形物、可滴定酸、果皮总酚和类黄酮含量,其中,T3处理提升效果最为明显,分别较对照显著提高了12.12%、8.77%、4.37%和21.9%。【结论】Pro-Ca处理可以增强霞多丽葡萄的光合作用和改善抗氧化特性和果实品质,根据主成分分析的结果,使用600mg·L-1的Pro-Ca处理效果最佳。【Objective】The quality of wine grape determines the quality of the wine.In the arid regions of the Northwest,low rainfall and the cool climate in spring and autumn shorten the growing period of grape.Intermediate and late maturity varieties often have problems of insufficient maturity,insufficient sugar content,and low yield,which seriously impact the sustainable development of the wine grape in-dustry.Previous studies have shown that the exogenous spraying of natural or synthetic inducers,such as abscisic acid,gibberellin,methyl jasmonate,etc.,can effectively guarantee crop nutrition supply,im-prove resistance,enhance photosynthesis,and ultimately achieve the production goal of high quality and high yield.Prohexadione-calcium(Pro-Ca)is a low-toxicity,artificially synthesized non-polluting plant growth regulator and is thought to promote plant growth and improve fruit quality.The experi-ment intended to use Pro-Ca effervescent granules(containing 5%effective Pro-Ca)for whole-tree spraying of Chardonnay grape to explore the impact of Pro-Ca on grape physiological characteristics and fruit quality,and to screen out the suitable application concentration,providing a theoretical basis for improving the quality of wine grape.【Methods】The experiment used 11-year-old trees of wine grape Chardonnay as materials.On the 22 d,42 d,62 d,and 82 d from the initial flowering,the leaves were sprayed with 200 mg·L^(-1)(T1),400 mg·L^(-1)(T2),600 mg·L^(-1)(T3),and 800 mg·L^(-1)(T4)Pro-Ca so-lution,respectively.The distilled water was used as control.The content of photosynthetic pigments,chlorophyll fluorescence parameters,photosynthetic characteristics,protective enzyme activity,and fruit quality-related indicators were measured on the 25,45,65,85,and 105 days(maturity stage)after the initial flowering.【Results】(1)The pro-Ca treatment could enhance the content of photosynthetic pigments in Chardonnay grape leaves,increase the net photosynthetic rate(Pn),and result in changes in the chlorophyll fluorescence paramete
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