早熟优质李新品种吉早丰的选育  

Breeding report of a new superior quality and early-maturing plum cultivar Jizaofeng

作　　者：陈蕾[1] 刘翠兰 崔龙[1] 王雪松 李锋[1] 姜佳良 张艳波[1] CHEN Lei;LIU Cuian;CUI Long;WANG Xuesong;LI Feng;JIANG Jiaiang;ZHANG Yanbo(Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences/China Agricultural Science and Technology Northeast Innovation Center,Changchun 130033,Jilin,China;Jilin City Fengman Ji Brand Plum Family Farm,Jilin 132107,Jilin,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林省农业科学院·中国农业科技东北创新中心,长春130033 [2]吉林市丰满吉字号李子家庭农场,吉林132107

出　　处：《果树学报》2024年第1期183-186,共4页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：吉林省科技发展计划项目(20220202113NC)。

摘　　要：吉早丰李是以吉红为母本、88-5-14为父本人工杂交育出的早熟李品种。果实椭圆形,离核,平均单果质量45g,果实较对称,底色黄绿色,部分着紫红色,果肉黄色,肉质松软,汁液含量多,味酸甜,可溶性固形物含量(w,后同)平均为16.6%,可滴定酸含量为0.92%、可溶性糖含量为9.19%。公主岭地区4月下旬开花,7月下旬果实成熟,10月下旬落叶。树体生长势中等,树姿半开张,抗寒性强,可在吉林省无霜期≥130d、≥10℃有效积温2800℃以上的地区引种或试栽。Jizaofeng plum is a new cultivar bred by a crossing between Jihong and 88-5-14.The cross-ing was made in 2009.The seeds were sown in the spring of 2010.The hybrid trees beared fruits in 2013,the quality indicators of the fruits were investigated,including soluble solids content,aroma,taste,texture,and fiber.A superior strain was selected in 2014.The regional trials were carried out in Ji-lin,Gongzhuling,Changchun,Huinan,in 2015,to test cold resistance,and to compare the fruit quality in different regions.The certificate of non-major crop variety was obtained in June,2023.The tree pos-ture of Jizaofeng was semi-spreading,with strong branching ability and moderate growth vigor.The one-year-old branches were yellow-brown,with an average length of 48 cm.The leaves were elliptical,with a length of 10.62 cm and a width of 5.18 cm.The leaf tip was long and acuminate,the leaf base was truncate,and the petiole was 1.60 cm long.The petals were white and obovate.The fruit shape was elliptical,with a single fruit weight of 45 g and a fruit length of 4.8 cm and a width of 4.4 cm.The su-ture line was shallow,the fruit top was low and flat.At maturity,the fruit peel was chartreuse and was covered with purplish red,the flesh was yellow,with abundant amount of juice,soft texture,free stone,and few fibers.The soluble solids content was 16.6%,reaching to 20%when fully mature,the soluble sugar content was 9.19%and a titratable acidity content was 0.92%.The flavor was sweet with a strong aroma,and the fresh quality was excellent.The flowering date was late April,with a flowering period of about a week,and the fruit maturing date was late July,with a fruit development period of about 85 days.The leaf buds bursted in early May,expanded in the mid of May,and fell in mid-to-late October(in Gongzhuling).According to the field investigations,it had strong resistance to cold,red spot dis-ease,bacterial canker disease and rot disease.The fruit quality was better and yield was higher than the main early maturing cultivars in the local area.It

关 键 词：李 新品种 吉早丰 早熟 优质 

分 类 号：S662.3[农业科学—果树学]